Dept of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Eur Respir J. 2020 Oct 1;56(4). doi: 10.1183/13993003.01727-2020. Print 2020 Oct.
Major epidemics, including some that qualify as pandemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and most recently COVID-19, affect the lung. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the top infectious disease killer, but apart from syndemic TB/HIV little is known regarding the interaction of viral epidemics and pandemics with TB. The aim of this consensus-based document is to describe the effects of viral infections resulting in epidemics and pandemics that affect the lung (MERS, SARS, HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and COVID-19) and their interactions with TB. A search of the scientific literature was performed. A writing committee of international experts including the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Public Health Emergency (ECDC PHE) team, the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid), the Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN), and members of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections (ESGMYC) was established. Consensus was achieved after multiple rounds of revisions between the writing committee and a larger expert group. A Delphi process involving the core group of authors (excluding the ECDC PHE team) identified the areas requiring review/consensus, followed by a second round to refine the definitive consensus elements. The epidemiology and immunology of these viral infections and their interactions with TB are discussed with implications for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of airborne infections (infection control, viral containment and workplace safety). This consensus document represents a rapid and comprehensive summary on what is known on the topic.
重大传染病，包括一些符合大流行标准的传染病，如严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）、中东呼吸综合征（MERS）、艾滋病毒、甲型流感（H1N1）pdm/09，以及最近的 COVID-19，都会影响肺部。结核病（TB）仍然是头号传染病致死原因，但除了结核/艾滋病毒综合征外，人们对病毒流行和大流行与结核病之间的相互作用知之甚少。这份基于共识的文件旨在描述导致肺部出现流行和大流行的病毒感染的影响（MERS、SARS、艾滋病毒、甲型流感（H1N1）pdm/09 和 COVID-19），以及它们与结核病的相互作用。对科学文献进行了搜索。成立了一个由国际专家组成的写作委员会，包括欧洲疾病预防控制中心公共卫生紧急情况（ECDC PHE）小组、世界传染病与免疫障碍协会（WAidid）、全球结核病网络（GTN），以及欧洲临床微生物学和传染病学会（ESCMID）分枝杆菌感染研究组（ESGMYC）的成员。写作委员会和一个更大的专家组经过多轮修订达成了共识。一个德尔菲法（Delphi）流程，涉及核心作者组（不包括 ECDC PHE 小组），确定了需要审查/达成共识的领域，随后进行了第二轮工作，以完善最终共识要素。讨论了这些病毒感染的流行病学和免疫学特性及其与结核病的相互作用，涉及诊断、治疗和预防空气传播感染（感染控制、病毒遏制和工作场所安全）的内容。这份共识文件代表了对该主题的快速而全面的综合总结。
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