Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2020;172:375-409. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.01.005. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Autophagy has important functions in normal physiology to maintain homeostasis and protect against cellular stresses by the removal of harmful cargos such as dysfunctional organelles, protein aggregates and invading pathogens. The deregulation of autophagy is a hallmark of many diseases and therapeutic targeting of autophagy is highly topical. With the complex role of autophagy in disease it is essential to understand the genetic and molecular basis of the contribution of autophagy to pathogenesis. The model organism, Drosophila, provides a genetically amenable system to dissect out the contribution of autophagy to human disease models. Here we review the roles of autophagy in human disease and how autophagy studies in Drosophila have contributed to the understanding of pathophysiology.
自噬在正常生理中具有重要功能，通过去除有害货物（如功能失调的细胞器、蛋白质聚集体和入侵病原体）来维持体内平衡并抵抗细胞应激。自噬的失调是许多疾病的标志，自噬的治疗靶向是非常热门的话题。由于自噬在疾病中的复杂作用，了解自噬对发病机制的遗传和分子基础至关重要。模式生物果蝇为剖析自噬对人类疾病模型的贡献提供了一种遗传上可行的系统。在这里，我们综述了自噬在人类疾病中的作用，以及果蝇中的自噬研究如何有助于理解病理生理学。
