Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 Aug 7;49(15):5473-5509. doi: 10.1039/c9cs00199a. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
Amyloid diseases are global epidemics with profound health, social and economic implications and yet remain without a cure. This dire situation calls for research into the origin and pathological manifestations of amyloidosis to stimulate continued development of new therapeutics. In basic science and engineering, the cross-β architecture has been a constant thread underlying the structural characteristics of pathological and functional amyloids, and realizing that amyloid structures can be both pathological and functional in nature has fuelled innovations in artificial amyloids, whose use today ranges from water purification to 3D printing. At the conclusion of a half century since Eanes and Glenner's seminal study of amyloids in humans, this review commemorates the occasion by documenting the major milestones in amyloid research to date, from the perspectives of structural biology, biophysics, medicine, microbiology, engineering and nanotechnology. We also discuss new challenges and opportunities to drive this interdisciplinary field moving forward.
淀粉样变疾病是全球性的流行疾病，对健康、社会和经济都有深远的影响，但目前仍无法治愈。这种严峻的情况需要对淀粉样变性的起源和病理表现进行研究，以刺激新疗法的持续发展。在基础科学和工程领域，交叉-β 结构一直是病理性和功能性淀粉样蛋白结构特征的主线，认识到淀粉样结构本质上既可以是病理性的，也可以是功能性的，这激发了人工淀粉样蛋白的创新，如今其用途从水净化到 3D 打印，不一而足。在 Eanes 和 Glenner 对人类淀粉样蛋白进行开创性研究半个世纪之后，本文从结构生物学、生物物理学、医学、微生物学、工程学和纳米技术等方面，回顾了迄今为止淀粉样蛋白研究的主要里程碑，以纪念这一时刻。我们还讨论了推动这一跨学科领域前进的新挑战和机遇。
