Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario de León, León, España.
Hospital Provincial de Castellón, Castellón, España.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed). 2021 Jan;68(1):11-16. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2020.03.010. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
The selection of the most appropriate formula in long-term home enteral nutrition is a controversial issue. Our objective was to study a high protein hypercaloric enteral nutrition formula in patients with long-term feeding (180 days).
Prospective observational multicenter real-life study with high-protein hypercaloric formula (2kcal/ml and 20% protein). General, anthropometric, analytical and quality of life data were collected by visual analog scale of the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions at the beginning, 60, 120 and 180 days. Gastrointestinal tolerance was assessed with a visual analog scale and Bristol Stool Scale and the risk of malnutrition was assessed using NRS-2002.
51 patients (88.2% men, mean age 62.0 years), with oncological diseases in 72.5%. No differences in anthropometric data were observed, although the percentage of patients at risk of malnutrition according to NRS 2002 was reduced from 75% to 8.3% (p<0.0001). No differences were observed in albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, lymphocytes or hematocrit. The quality of life improved from 3.84 (1.27) to 5.37 (1.12) on the visual analog scale (p<0.0001). A reduction in gastrointestinal symptoms was observed throughout the period of enteral nutrition. Both the number and percentage of stools considered normal according to the Bristol scale remained stable.
Our study supports that the use of high-protein hypercaloric formulas during a 6-month nutritional treatment allows an adequate nutritional evolution without risk of dehydration and with a good tolerance, even improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms, and can contribute to an improvement in the quality of lifetime.
研究长期喂养（180 天）患者使用高蛋白高热量肠内营养配方。
前瞻性观察性多中心真实世界研究，使用高蛋白高热量配方（2kcal/ml 和 20%蛋白质）。在开始时、60 天、120 天和 180 天，通过欧洲生活质量 5 维度视觉模拟量表收集一般、人体测量、分析和生活质量数据。通过视觉模拟量表和布里斯托粪便量表评估胃肠道耐受性，使用 NRS-2002 评估营养不良风险。
51 例患者（88.2%为男性，平均年龄 62.0 岁），肿瘤疾病占 72.5%。尽管根据 NRS 2002 营养不良风险患者的比例从 75%降至 8.3%（p<0.0001），但人体测量数据无差异。白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白、淋巴细胞或红细胞压积无差异。生活质量从视觉模拟量表的 3.84（1.27）改善至 5.37（1.12）（p<0.0001）。肠内营养期间胃肠道症状减轻。根据布里斯托量表，正常粪便的数量和百分比保持稳定。
我们的研究支持在 6 个月营养治疗期间使用高蛋白高热量配方可实现适当的营养进展，无脱水风险且耐受性良好，甚至可改善胃肠道症状，并有助于提高生活质量。
