Intrahypothalamic microinfusion of corticotropin-releasing factor elevates blood glucose and free fatty acids in rats.

Three experiments examined whether intrahypothalamic microinfusions of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) can affect circulating levels of the metabolic fuels, glucose and free fatty acids. Infusions of CRF into the paraventricular nucleus dose-dependently increased serum glucose levels; greater increases were seen in acute than in chronic preparations. The greater effectiveness could not be accounted for by anesthetization per se. CRF infusion into the ventromedial nucleus did not affect serum glucose. Infusions into both sites, however, significantly increased serum free fatty acids. Neither glucose nor free fatty acids were altered by infusions into the lateral hypothalamus or the caudate-putamen. These data suggest that the previously identified CRF binding sites and CRF neuronal terminals in the paraventricular and ventromedial nuclei may be involved in the central regulation of metabolic fuel release. Additionally, it appears that the importance of CRF in the paraventricular nucleus in regulating serum glucose may be greater under some conditions than others.