Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Division of Environment, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Nov;259:127518. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127518. Epub 2020 Jul 5.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) family is of environmental concern due to its toxicity, prompting the need of monitoring their long-term trends. Three monitoring programs in Hong Kong report concentrations of ambient PAHs, namely (1) respirable suspending particle (RSP) speciation program that monitored benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (1997 to March 2000), (2) total suspended particle speciation program that monitored BaP (1997-1999), and (3) toxic air pollutant monitoring program that monitors BaP and 16 other PAHs in the combined gas and particulate phases at two general urban stations once or twice a month since January 1998. In this work, we review all the available PAH measurements in Hong Kong during 1997-2016, with emphasis on the temporal trends of BaP and the other 16 PAHs. PAHs of 5-6 rings exhibit an ambiguous decline trend since 1998, with a negative Sen's slope that is statistically significant. Specifically, BaP was reduced by 78% from 1998 to 2016, with a Sen's slope of -0.013 ng m year. Correlations of BaP with RSP major species of high source specificity and PAH diagnostic ratios are employed to explore the source origins of PAHs. Our analysis reveals that PAHs mainly come from a combination of vehicular emissions and biomass/coal combustion. The decline trend of PAHs is further found in consistence with the declined particulate matter emissions from vehicular exhaust and biomass/coal combustion. This study fills the data vacancy in the long-term trends of ambient PAHs for the Pearl River Delta region, one of the economically more advanced regions in China.
多环芳烃（PAH）家族因其毒性而引起环境关注，这促使人们需要监测其长期趋势。香港的三个监测计划报告了环境 PAH 的浓度，分别是（1）可吸入悬浮颗粒物（RSP）的成分监测计划，该计划监测苯并[a]芘（BaP）（1997 年至 2000 年 3 月），（2）总悬浮颗粒物成分监测计划，监测 BaP（1997-1999 年），以及（3）有毒空气污染物监测计划，该计划每月在两个一般城市站的气体和颗粒物相监测 BaP 和其他 16 种 PAHs 一次或两次，自 1998 年 1 月以来。在这项工作中，我们回顾了 1997 年至 2016 年期间香港所有可用的 PAH 测量值，重点关注 BaP 和其他 16 种 PAHs 的时间趋势。自 1998 年以来，5-6 环 PAH 呈现出不明确的下降趋势，其 Sen 斜率具有统计学意义。具体来说，从 1998 年到 2016 年，BaP 减少了 78%，Sen 斜率为-0.013ngmyear。BaP 与 RSP 高源特异性的主要成分和 PAH 诊断比的相关性被用来探索 PAHs 的来源。我们的分析表明，PAHs 主要来自车辆排放和生物质/煤炭燃烧的组合。PAHs 的下降趋势也与车辆尾气和生物质/煤炭燃烧的颗粒物排放减少相一致。本研究填补了珠江三角洲地区（中国经济较发达地区之一）环境 PAHs 长期趋势的数据空白。
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