Patel Monika, Parida Asish Kumar
Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India.
Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jan 5;401:123368. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123368. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
Heavy metal(loid)s contamination in soil is a major environmental concern that limits agricultural yield and threatens human health worldwide. Arsenic (As) is the most toxic non-essential metalloid found in soil which comes from various natural as well as human activities. S. persica is a facultative halophyte found abundantly in dry, semiarid and saline areas. In the present study, growth, mineral nutrient homeostasis, MDA content, phytochelatin levels, and ROS-scavenging attributes were examined in S. persica imposed to solitary treatments of salinity (250 mM and 750 mM NaCl), solitary treatments of arsenic (200 μM and 600 μM As), and combined treatments of As with 250 mM NaCl with an aim to elucidate salinity and As tolerance mechanisms. The results demonstrated that S. persica plants sustained under high levels of As (600 μM As) as well as NaCl (750 mM). The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were either elevated or unaffected under salt or As stress. However, ascorbate peroxidase activity declined under both solitary and combination of As with NaCl. Furthermore, the cellular redox status measured in terms of reduced ascorbate/dehydroascorbate, and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios also either increased or remained unaffected in seedlings treated with both solitary and combined treatments of As + NaCl. Significant accumulation of various oxidative stress indicators (HO and O were observed under high As stress condition. However, presence of salt with high As significantly reduced the levels of ROS. Furthermore, exogenous salt improved As tolerance index (Ti) under high As stress condition. The values of translocation factor (Tf) and As bioaccumulation factor (BF) were >1 in all the treatments. From this study, it can be concluded that the facultative halophyte S. persica is a potential As accumulator and may find application for phytoextraction of arsenic-contaminated saline soil.
土壤中的重金属（类金属）污染是一个重大的环境问题，它限制了全球农业产量并威胁着人类健康。砷（As）是土壤中发现的毒性最强的非必需类金属，其来源包括各种自然活动和人类活动。波斯匙叶草是一种兼性盐生植物，大量生长在干旱、半干旱和盐碱地区。在本研究中，对波斯匙叶草进行了单独盐处理（250 mM和750 mM NaCl）、单独砷处理（200 μM和600 μM As）以及砷与250 mM NaCl的联合处理，以研究其生长、矿质营养稳态、丙二醛含量、植物螯合素水平和活性氧清除特性，从而阐明其耐盐和耐砷机制。结果表明，波斯匙叶草植株在高浓度砷（600 μM As）和氯化钠（750 mM）条件下仍能存活。在盐胁迫或砷胁迫下，超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性要么升高，要么未受影响。然而，在单独砷处理以及砷与氯化钠联合处理下，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性均下降。此外，用砷 + 氯化钠单独处理和联合处理的幼苗，以还原型抗坏血酸/脱氢抗坏血酸以及还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽比率衡量的细胞氧化还原状态也要么增加，要么未受影响。在高砷胁迫条件下，观察到各种氧化应激指标（HO和O）显著积累。然而，高砷条件下盐的存在显著降低了活性氧水平。此外，外源盐在高砷胁迫条件下提高了砷耐受指数（Ti）。在所有处理中，转运系数（Tf）和砷生物积累系数（BF）的值均大于1。从本研究可以得出结论，兼性盐生植物波斯匙叶草是一种潜在的砷积累植物，可用于砷污染盐碱土壤的植物提取。
