Kim Youngjin, Kim Lan Hee, Vrouwenvelder Johannes S, Ghaffour Noreddine
Department of Environmental Engineering, Sejong Campus, Korea University, 2511, Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, 30019, Republic of Korea.
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jan 5;401:123386. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123386. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
This study systematically investigated the effect of organic micropollutants (OMPs) on biofouling in forward osmosis (FO) integrating wastewater treatment and seawater dilution. Synthetic seawater (0.6 M sodium chloride) was used as a draw solution and synthetic municipal wastewater as a feed solution. To evaluate the impact of OMPs in a replicate parallel study, wastewater was supplemented with a mixture of 7 OMPs (OMPs-feed) and without OMPs (control) during 8 batch filtration cycles with feed and draw solution replacement after each filtration. The FO performance (water flux), development and microbial composition properties of biofilm layers on the wastewater side of the FO membrane were studied. Compared to the control without OMPs, the FO fed with OMPs containing wastewater showed (i) initially the same water flux and flux decline during the first filtration cycle, (ii) with increasing filtration cycle a lower flux decline and (iii) lower concentrations for the total cells, ATP, EPS carbohydrates and proteins in biofilm layers, and (iv) a lower diversity of the biofilm microbial community composition (indicating selective pressure) and (v) increasing rejection of 6 of the 7 OMPs. In essence, biofouling on the FO membrane showed (i) a lower flux decline in the presence of OMPs in the feed water and (ii) a higher OMPs rejection, both illustrating better membrane performance. This study has a significant implication for optimizing osmotic dilution in terms of FO operation and OMPs rejection.
本研究系统地调查了有机微污染物（OMPs）对集成废水处理和海水稀释的正向渗透（FO）过程中生物污染的影响。合成海水（0.6 M氯化钠）用作汲取液，合成城市污水用作进料液。为了在重复平行研究中评估OMPs的影响，在8个批次过滤循环中，向废水中添加7种OMPs的混合物（含OMPs进料）和不添加OMPs的废水（对照），每次过滤后更换进料液和汲取液。研究了FO膜废水侧生物膜层的FO性能（水通量）、发展情况和微生物组成特性。与不添加OMPs的对照相比，进料含OMPs废水的FO表现为：（i）在第一个过滤循环中，初始水通量和通量下降相同；（ii）随着过滤循环增加，通量下降更低；（iii）生物膜层中总细胞、ATP、EPS碳水化合物和蛋白质的浓度更低；（iv）生物膜微生物群落组成的多样性更低（表明存在选择压力）；（v）7种OMPs中有6种的截留率增加。本质上，FO膜上的生物污染表现为：（i）进料水中存在OMPs时通量下降更低；（ii）OMPs截留率更高，这两者都表明膜性能更好。本研究对于在FO操作和OMPs截留方面优化渗透稀释具有重要意义。
