The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Speech Science, School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Grafton Campus, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
Dysphagia. 2021 Apr;36(2):170-182. doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10153-8. Epub 2020 Jul 11.
At the time of writing this paper, there are over 11 million reported cases of COVID-19 worldwide. Health professionals involved in dysphagia care are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in their day-to-day practices. Otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, rehabilitation specialists, and speech-language pathologists are subject to virus exposure due to their proximity to the aerodigestive tract and reliance on aerosol-generating procedures in swallow assessments and interventions. Across the globe, professional societies and specialty associations are issuing recommendations about which procedures to use, when to use them, and how to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission during their use. Balancing safety for self, patients, and the public while maintaining adequate evidence-based dysphagia practices has become a significant challenge. This paper provides current evidence on COVID-19 transmission during commonly used dysphagia practices and provides recommendations for protection while conducting these procedures. The paper summarizes current understanding of dysphagia in patients with COVID-19 and draws on evidence for dysphagia interventions that can be provided without in-person consults and close proximity procedures including dysphagia screening and telehealth.
在撰写本文时,全球已报告超过 1100 万例 COVID-19 病例。参与吞咽障碍护理的卫生专业人员在日常实践中受到 COVID-19 大流行的影响。由于靠近呼吸道和依赖于吞咽评估和干预中的气溶胶产生程序,耳鼻喉科医生、胃肠病学家、康复专家和言语病理学家会接触到病毒。在全球范围内,专业协会和专业协会正在发布有关使用哪些程序、何时使用以及如何在使用过程中降低 COVID-19 传播风险的建议。在保护自己、患者和公众安全的同时,保持充足的基于证据的吞咽障碍实践已成为一项重大挑战。本文提供了关于在常用吞咽障碍实践中 COVID-19 传播的当前证据,并为进行这些程序时的防护提供了建议。本文总结了 COVID-19 患者吞咽障碍的当前认识,并借鉴了无需当面咨询和近距离操作(包括吞咽障碍筛查和远程医疗)即可提供的吞咽障碍干预措施的证据。