Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical section, via U. Schiff 6, Sesto F.no, 50019 Florence, Italy.
Center of Studies and Innovation of Functional Foods (CEIAF), Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Institute of Scientific Research, IDIC, University of Lima, Avda. Javier Prado Este, 4600 Surco, Lima 33, Peru.
Molecules. 2020 Jul 10;25(14):3169. doi: 10.3390/molecules25143169.
The characterization of six varieties of native Andean potatoes with a wide biodiversity in tuber shape, flesh, and skin color was performed, through the determination of their proximate composition, mineral content, and phenolic profile. Minerals concentration revealed significant genotypic variation. Potassium was the most abundant element in all varieties, ranging from 7272.9 to 13,059.9 µg/g and from 12,418 to 17,388.6 µg/g dried weight for the flesh and skin samples, respectively. Iron content was relevant, ranging from 20.5 to 39.9 µg/g and from 112.2 to 288.8 µg/g dried weight in flesh and skin samples, respectively. Phenolic compounds were consistently higher in the skin than in the flesh. The total content varied greatly from 19.5 to 2015.3 µg/g and from 1592.3 to 14807.3 µg/g dried weight for flesh and skin tissues, respectively. 5-caffeoylquinic acid was 74% of the total phenolic acids. Different pattern of anthocyanins was found, depending on the color of the variety; the red genotypes contained predominantly pelargonidin derivatives, while the purple samples had petunidin as a major anthocyanidin. This study increases the knowledge of the composition of the local Andean varieties (which are only scarcely studied so far), helping to enhance these genotypes and the conservation of biodiversity.
对六种具有广泛生物多样性的安第斯本地土豆品种进行了特征描述，这些品种在块茎形状、肉质和果皮颜色方面存在差异，通过对其近缘组成、矿物质含量和酚类物质图谱的测定来实现。矿物质浓度显示出显著的基因型变异。在所有品种中，钾含量最为丰富，范围在 7272.9 至 13059.9μg/g 和 12418 至 17388.6μg/g 干重之间，分别为肉质和果皮样本。铁含量也很重要，范围在 20.5 至 39.9μg/g 和 112.2 至 288.8μg/g 干重之间，分别为肉质和果皮样本。在果皮中的酚类化合物含量始终高于肉质。总含量差异很大，范围在 19.5 至 2015.3μg/g 和 1592.3 至 14807.3μg/g 干重之间，分别为肉质和果皮组织。5-咖啡酰奎宁酸占总酚酸的 74%。根据品种的颜色，发现了不同的花色苷模式；红色基因型主要含有天竺葵苷衍生物，而紫色样本则以矢车菊苷为主要花色苷。本研究增加了对当地安第斯品种组成的了解（迄今为止这些品种研究得很少），有助于增强这些基因型和生物多样性的保护。
