Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Hungary.
Water Res. 2020 Oct 1;184:116178. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116178. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
Even the best-maintained water distribution network (WDN) might suffer pipe bursts occasionally, and the utility company must reconstruct the damaged sections of the system. The affected area must be segregated by closing the corresponding isolation valves; as a result, the required amount of drinking water might not be available. This paper explores the behaviour and topology of segments, especially their criticality from the viewpoint of the whole system. A novel, objective, dimensionless, segment-based quantity is proposed to evaluate the vulnerability of both the segments and the whole WDN against a single, incidental pipe break, computed as the product of the probability of failure within the segment and the amount of unserved consumption. 27 comprehensive real-life WDNs have been examined by means of the new metric and with the help of complex network theory, exploiting the concept of the degree distribution and topology-based structural properties (e.g. network diameter, clustering coefficient). It was found that metrics based purely on topology suggest different network behaviour as vulnerability analysis, which also includes the hydraulics. The investigation of the global network vulnerabilities has revealed several critically exposed systems, and the local distributions unveiled new properties of WDNs in the case of a random pipe break.
即使是维护最好的供水管网（WDN）也可能偶尔会发生爆管事故，因此公用事业公司必须重建系统中受损的部分。受影响的区域必须通过关闭相应的隔离阀来隔离；因此，可能无法提供所需的饮用水量。本文探讨了管段的行为和拓扑结构，特别是从整个系统的角度来看它们的关键性。提出了一种新颖的、客观的、无量纲的基于管段的数量来评估单个偶然爆管对管段和整个 WDN 的脆弱性，该数量计算为管段内故障概率与未服务消耗量的乘积。通过新的指标和复杂网络理论，利用度分布和基于拓扑的结构特性（如网络直径、聚类系数），对 27 个综合的实际供水管网进行了检查。结果表明，仅基于拓扑的指标在进行脆弱性分析时会产生不同的网络行为，其中还包括水力学。对全局网络脆弱性的研究揭示了几个关键暴露的系统，而在随机爆管的情况下，局部分布揭示了供水管网的新特性。
