Turner Cynthia, Cadman Jacinda
School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia.
Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
J Cogn Psychother. 2017;31(4):242-254. doi: 10.1891/0889-8391.31.4.242. Epub 2017 Jan 1.
Adolescence is a critical time for physical development and maturation, and with these important physiological changes comes greater awareness of body image and appearance, which, for a proportion of young people can become excessive, signaling the onset of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). BDD in adolescence is associated with significant impairment and suicidality, is poorly understood, and currently there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of psychological therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is currently the most promising and best available psychological therapy for BDD in youth. The aim of this article is to provide clinicians with information on CBT treatment for BDD in young people and to provide guidance based on clinical experience of working with this complex population group. The article will include discussion of strategies including maximizing psychoeducation with parental involvement, the use of cognitive therapy techniques, exposure with response prevention, and perceptual visual training techniques, including attention training and mirror retraining.
青春期是身体发育和成熟的关键时期，随着这些重要的生理变化，青少年对身体形象和外貌的关注度更高，而对一部分年轻人来说，这种关注可能会过度，这标志着身体变形障碍（BDD）的开始。青少年期的BDD与严重的功能损害和自杀倾向相关，人们对其了解甚少，目前心理治疗有效性的证据有限。认知行为疗法（CBT）是目前治疗青少年BDD最有前景且最佳的心理疗法。本文旨在为临床医生提供有关青少年BDD的CBT治疗信息，并根据与这一复杂人群合作的临床经验提供指导。本文将讨论一些策略，包括在家长参与下最大化心理教育、使用认知治疗技术、暴露与反应阻止，以及感知视觉训练技术，包括注意力训练和镜像再训练。
