Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Oct;265(Pt A):115053. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115053. Epub 2020 Jun 20.
Environmental pollution by pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac (DCF) is globally acknowledged to be a threat to the ecosystems. Nauphoeta cinerea is an important insect with valuable ecological role. The present investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of DCF on insects by assessing the behavior and antioxidant defense response in nymphs of N. cinerea exposed to DCF-contaminated food at 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 μg kg feed for 42 successive days. Subsequent to exposure period, neurobehavioral analysis using video-tracking software in a novel apparatus was performed before estimation of biochemical endpoints in the head, midgut and hemolymph of the insects. Results indicated that DCF-exposed insects exhibited marked reduction in the maximum speed, total distance traveled, mobile episodes, total mobile time, body rotation, absolute turn angle and path efficiency, whereas the total freezing time was increased compared with the control. The diminution in the exploratory activities of DCF-exposed insects was substantiated by heat maps and track plots. Additionally, DCF elicited marked diminution in antioxidant enzyme and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities along with increase in nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in the head, midgut and hemolymph of the insects. Taken together, DCF elicited neurotoxicity and oxido-inflammatory stress in exposed insects. N. cinerea may be a suitable model insect for environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in non-target insect species.
环境中药物（如双氯芬酸）的污染被全球公认为对生态系统的威胁。金沙叶蝉是一种具有重要生态价值的昆虫。本研究旨在通过评估暴露于双氯芬酸污染食物的金沙叶蝉若虫的行为和抗氧化防御反应，阐明双氯芬酸对昆虫的影响。在 42 天的连续时间内，将双氯芬酸以 0、0.5、1.0 和 2.0μg/kg 饲料的浓度添加到食物中进行暴露。暴露期结束后，使用新型设备中的视频跟踪软件对神经行为进行分析，然后在昆虫的头部、中肠和血淋巴中评估生化终点。结果表明，暴露于双氯芬酸的昆虫表现出最大速度、总行进距离、移动片段、总移动时间、身体旋转、绝对转弯角度和路径效率的显著降低，而与对照组相比，总冻结时间增加。与对照组相比，暴露于双氯芬酸的昆虫的探索活动减少，这一点得到了热图和轨迹图的证实。此外，双氯芬酸还引起了昆虫头部、中肠和血淋巴中抗氧化酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性的显著降低，同时一氧化氮（NO）、活性氧和氮物种（RONS）以及脂质过氧化（LPO）水平增加。综上所述，双氯芬酸在暴露的昆虫中引起了神经毒性和氧化应激。金沙叶蝉可能是评估非靶标昆虫物种中药物环境风险的合适模型昆虫。
