Baenziger Julia, Roser Katharina, Mader Luzius, Harju Erika, Ansari Marc, Waespe Nicolas, Scheinemann Katrin, Michel Gisela
Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Psychosoc Oncol Res Pract. 2020 Jul 28;2(3):e024. doi: 10.1097/OR9.0000000000000024. eCollection 2020 Oct.
We describe post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in parents of long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS-parents) and compare them to parents of similar-aged children (comparison-parents) of the Swiss general population (SGP). We compare type of reported stressful event, prevalence of PTSS and PTSD, and psychosocial and cancer-related characteristics associated with PTSS. We further describe the respective normative data for the SGP.
We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire survey in a population-based sample of long-term CCS-parents (survivors aged ≤16 years at diagnosis, ≥20 years at study, >5 years post-diagnosis) and in the SGP. Using the , we measured PTSS regarding the most stressful event experienced, and computed probable cases of PTSD.
Participants included 663 CCS-parents (39.4% fathers) and 1035 individuals of the SGP (40.0% male), of which we identified 391 comparison-parents (41.2% fathers). Illness was most often indicated as stressful event (CCS-parents: 49.5%, comparison-parents: 27.6%, SGP: 25.3%). Prevalence of PTSS and PTSD (CCS-parents: 4.8%, comparison-parents: 6.7%, SGP: 5.6%) did not significantly differ. Lower education was associated with higher intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal in all samples (all ≤ .003). Parents of children with a chronic illness reported higher intrusion (all ≤ .004). We found no associations with cancer-related characteristics.
No increased risk for PTSS or PTSD was found among CCS-parents. Individuals with lower education and those with a chronically ill child might benefit from additional support to help manage and resolve the stress symptoms in the long term.
我们描述了长期儿童癌症幸存者的父母（CCS父母）的创伤后应激症状（PTSS）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），并将他们与瑞士普通人群（SGP）中年龄相仿儿童的父母（对照父母）进行比较。我们比较了所报告的应激事件类型、PTSS和PTSD的患病率，以及与PTSS相关的心理社会和癌症相关特征。我们还描述了SGP各自的规范数据。
我们在全国范围内对长期CCS父母（诊断时年龄≤16岁、研究时年龄≥20岁、诊断后>5年的幸存者）和SGP进行了基于人群的横断面问卷调查。使用[具体量表名称未给出]，我们测量了关于经历的最应激事件的PTSS，并计算了PTSD的可能病例。
参与者包括663名CCS父母（39.4%为父亲）和1035名SGP个体（40.0%为男性），其中我们确定了391名对照父母（41.2%为父亲）。疾病最常被指出是应激事件（CCS父母：49.5%，对照父母：27.6%，SGP：25.3%）。PTSS和PTSD的患病率（CCS父母：4.8%，对照父母：6.7%，SGP：5.6%）没有显著差异。在所有样本中，较低的教育水平与较高的侵入性、回避和过度唤醒相关（所有P≤.003）。患有慢性病儿童的父母报告的侵入性较高（所有P≤.004）。我们没有发现与癌症相关特征的关联。
在CCS父母中未发现PTSS或PTSD风险增加。教育水平较低的个体和患有慢性病儿童的父母可能会从额外的支持中受益，以帮助他们长期管理和解决应激症状。
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