Sarna S K, Otterson M F
Department of Surgery, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Pharmacology. 1988;36 Suppl 1:7-14. doi: 10.1159/000138415.
The spatial and temporal patterns of phasic contractions in the gastrointestinal tract are regulated by a complex interplay between the myogenic, neural and chemical control mechanisms. These contractions are largely responsible for the mixing and propulsive movements of the gut after a meal. In the fasted state, organized groups of contractions called cyclic motor activity and migrating motor complex keep the upper digestive tract clean of residual food and debris. In addition, the small intestine and the colon generate giant migrating contractions which are several-fold stronger than the postprandial phasic contractions and migrate uninterrupted over long distances. The giant migrating contractions are effective in rapid propulsion. The upper small intestine and the antrum generate retrograde giant contractions that generally precede vomiting.
胃肠道阶段性收缩的时空模式由肌源性、神经和化学控制机制之间复杂的相互作用所调节。这些收缩在很大程度上负责餐后肠道的混合和推进运动。在禁食状态下，称为周期性运动活动和移行运动复合波的有组织的收缩群可保持上消化道清洁，无残留食物和残渣。此外，小肠和结肠会产生巨大移行性收缩，其强度比餐后阶段性收缩强几倍，并能长距离不间断地移行。巨大移行性收缩在快速推进方面很有效。十二指肠和胃窦会产生逆行性巨大收缩，通常先于呕吐发生。
