Neuropsychiatry, NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria3050, Australia.
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria3052, Australia.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2022 Apr;34(4):367-375. doi: 10.1017/S1041610220001489. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
OBJECTIVES: While early diagnosis of younger-onset dementia (YOD) is crucial in terms of accessing appropriate services and future planning, diagnostic delays are common. This study aims to identify predictors of delay to diagnosis in a large sample of people with YOD and to investigate the impact of a specialist YOD service on this time to diagnosis. DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: The inpatient unit of a tertiary neuropsychiatry service in metropolitan Victoria, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: People diagnosed with a YOD. MEASUREMENTS AND METHODS: We investigated the following predictors using general linear modeling: demographics including sex and location, age at onset, dementia type, cognition, psychiatric diagnosis, and number of services consulted with prior to diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 242 inpatients were included. The mean time to diagnosis was 3.4 years. Significant predictors of delay included younger age at onset, dementia type other than Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and increased number of services consulted. These predictors individually led to an increased diagnostic delay of approximately 19 days, 5 months, and 6 months, respectively. A specialized YOD service reduced time to diagnosis by 12 months. CONCLUSION: We found that younger age at onset, having a dementia which was not the most commonly occurring AD or bvFTD, and increasing number of services were significant predictors of diagnostic delay. A novel result was that a specialist YOD service may decrease diagnostic delay, highlighting the importance of such as service in reducing time to diagnosis as well as providing post-diagnostic support.
目的:尽管尽早诊断年轻发病型痴呆症(YOD)对于获得适当的服务和未来规划至关重要,但诊断延迟却很常见。本研究旨在确定在大量 YOD 患者中预测诊断延迟的因素,并研究专科 YOD 服务对该诊断时间的影响。
设计:回顾性横断面研究。
地点:澳大利亚维多利亚州大都市一家三级神经精神病服务机构的住院病房。
参与者:被诊断为 YOD 的人。
测量方法:我们使用一般线性模型调查了以下预测因素:人口统计学因素包括性别和位置、发病年龄、痴呆类型、认知、精神科诊断以及在诊断前咨询的服务数量。
结果:共纳入 242 名住院患者。平均诊断时间为 3.4 年。诊断延迟的显著预测因素包括发病年龄较小、痴呆类型非阿尔茨海默病(AD)和行为变异额颞叶痴呆(bvFTD)以及咨询服务的数量增加。这些预测因素分别导致诊断延迟约 19 天、5 个月和 6 个月。专科 YOD 服务使诊断时间缩短了 12 个月。
结论:我们发现,发病年龄较小、患有非最常见的 AD 或 bvFTD 痴呆症以及咨询服务的数量增加是诊断延迟的重要预测因素。一个新的结果是,专科 YOD 服务可能会缩短诊断延迟,这突出了此类服务在缩短诊断时间以及提供诊断后支持方面的重要性。
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