Rakić Rada, Puškaš Valerija, Pavlica Tatjana
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department for Biology and Ecology, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Anthropol Anz. 2020 Nov 30;77(4):289-298. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2020/1140.
Menarcheal age is the starting point of reproductive life and could be a marker of health and socioeconomic status of a population.The aim of this study was to assess the temporal pattern in variability of menarcheal age from 2001 to 2019 and the relationship with biological factors and educational level of parents. : A cross-sectional anthropometric survey was conducted in three intervals: 2001-2004, 2011-2014 and in 2019. In total, 5201 adolescent girls from Vojvodina (North Serbia) aged 11-18 were surveyed, 3272 (62.91%) of them with menarche. Data on the age at menarche was gathered applying method and the age at menarche was calculated by probit analysis. The surveyed traits included height, weight and Body mass index (BMI). : Mean menarcheal age declined from 12.60 ± 1.11 years to 12.33 ± 1.20 years during the period from 2001 to 2019. Within three investigated periods variance decreased after the first decade from 1.23 year to 1.09 year, and then increased to 1.44 year. On average, postmenarcheal girls were 4.36 cm taller, 8.03 kg heavier, and their BMI was 1.96 kg/m higher than in premenarcheal girls of the same calendar age. An inverse effect of BMI and mother's education on the menarcheal age was detected, but the interaction between the variables was not statistically significant. These results indicate continuing decrease in menarcheal age in girls from Vojvodina. Menarche is closely associated with BMI and it appears that this factor effects the age at menarche irrespective of the parents' education.
月经初潮年龄是生殖生命的起点，可能是一个人群健康和社会经济地位的标志。本研究的目的是评估2001年至2019年月经初潮年龄变异性的时间模式以及与生物学因素和父母教育水平的关系。：在三个时间段进行了横断面人体测量调查：2001 - 2004年、2011 - 2014年和2019年。总共对来自伏伊伏丁那（塞尔维亚北部）11 - 18岁的5201名青春期女孩进行了调查，其中3272名（62.91%）已月经初潮。采用特定方法收集月经初潮年龄数据，并通过概率分析计算月经初潮年龄。调查的特征包括身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）。：2001年至2019年期间，月经初潮平均年龄从12.60±1.11岁降至12.33±1.20岁。在三个调查期内，第一个十年后方差从1.23年降至1.09年，然后又增至1.44年。平均而言，月经初潮后的女孩比同历年龄月经初潮前的女孩高4.36厘米、重8.03千克，其BMI高1.96千克/平方米。检测到BMI和母亲教育程度对月经初潮年龄有反向影响，但变量之间的相互作用无统计学意义。这些结果表明伏伊伏丁那女孩的月经初潮年龄持续下降。月经初潮与BMI密切相关，而且似乎该因素对月经初潮年龄有影响，与父母的教育程度无关。
