AtHDA15 binds directly to COP1 positively regulating photomorphogenesis.

Reversible histone acetylation and deacetylation play crucial roles in modulating light-regulated gene expression during seedling development. However, it remains largely unknown how histone-modifying enzymes interpose within the molecular framework of light signaling network. In this study, we show that AtHDA15 positively regulates photomorphogenesis by directly binding to COP1, a master regulator in the repression of photomorphogenesis. hda15 T-DNA knock-out and RNAi lines exhibited light hyposensitivity with reduced HY5 and PIF3 protein levels leading to long hypocotyl phenotypes in the dark while its overexpression leads to increased HY5 concentrations and short hypocotyl phenotypes. In vivo and in vitro binding assays show that HDA15 directly interacts with COP1 inside the nucleus modulating COP1's repressive activities. As COP1 is established to act within the nucleus to regulate specific transcription factors associated with growth and development in skotomorphogenesis, the direct binding by HDA15 is predicted to abrogate activities of COP1 in the presence of light and modulate its repressive activities in the dark. Our results append the mounting evidence for the role of HDACs in post-translational regulation in addition to their well-known histone modifying functions.