Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Luther College, Decorah, IA, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2020 Jan-Dec;11:2150132720962866. doi: 10.1177/2150132720962866.
Childhood obesity represents a public health crisis in the United States. Thus, focusing on early childhood is crucial to modify the consequences associated with obesity. The Food and Fitness Initiative (FFI) is a community-based wellness program implemented in Northeast Iowa since 2009. FFI focuses on healthy eating and physical activity. Our aim is to describe the impact on body mass index (BMI) after implementing FFI in a Northeast Iowa Community Action Head Start (HS) population.
Retrospective BMI data was collected from all children attending 14 HS sites from 2012 to 2018. Children with BMI measurements during July to December of the first year in HS were included in the study. Follow-up data the second year in HS was obtained. Overweight and obesity prevalence, as well as, BMI changes between year 1 and 2 in HS were analyzed.
Data from 1013 children were collected, 850 (84%) had qualifying BMI measurements during their first year in HS and 352 of those children (41%) had follow-up data in their second year. There was a decrease in BMI between years 1 and 2 in HS that approached statistical significance ( = 1.83, = .07, = .10). There were no statistically significant changes in the percent of overweight (Wald χ = .50, = .48) or obese (Wald χ = 1.71, = .19) children between the first and second year.
The FFI wellness program can be feasibly integrated into the HS curriculum and shows promising short-term results in improving BMI, but not to a statistically significant level when evaluated over 1 year.
儿童肥胖在美国是一个公共健康危机。因此，关注幼儿期对于改变肥胖相关后果至关重要。食品与健身倡议（FFI）是自 2009 年以来在美国爱荷华州东北部实施的一项基于社区的健康计划。FFI 专注于健康饮食和身体活动。我们的目的是描述在爱荷华州东北部社区行动学步儿童（HS）中实施 FFI 后对体重指数（BMI）的影响。
从 2012 年至 2018 年，从参加 14 个 HS 地点的所有儿童中收集回顾性 BMI 数据。将在 HS 第一年的 7 月至 12 月期间接受 BMI 测量的儿童纳入研究。获得 HS 第二年的随访数据。分析超重和肥胖的患病率以及 HS 中第 1 年和第 2 年 BMI 的变化。
共收集了 1013 名儿童的数据，其中 850 名（84%）在 HS 第一年有合格的 BMI 测量值，其中 352 名（41%）在第二年有随访数据。HS 中第 1 年和第 2 年之间 BMI 有下降趋势，但无统计学意义（ = 1.83， = .07， = .10）。在第 1 年和第 2 年之间，超重（Wald χ = .50， = .48）或肥胖（Wald χ = 1.71， = .19）儿童的比例没有统计学上的显著变化。
FFI 健康计划可以切实地融入到 HS 课程中，并显示出在改善 BMI 方面具有良好的短期效果，但在 1 年的评估中没有达到统计学意义。
