Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy -
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy.
Minerva Endocrinol. 2020 Sep;45(3):189-203. doi: 10.23736/S0391-1977.20.03195-8.
Male hypogonadism, defined as an inadequate testosterone production, recognizes a testicular (primary hypogonadism) or a hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (central hypogonadism), although combined forms can also occur. Moreover, it has been known that intensive exercise training might be a cause of functional hypogonadism. Many therapeutic choices are currently available, depending on the timing of hypogonadism onset and fertility issue. The aim of this review was to comprehensively supply therapeutic options and schemes currently available for male hypogonadism, including pharmacological management of primary and central forms. Evidence on testosterone formulations, human chorionic gonadotropin, selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors will be provided.
男性性腺功能减退症定义为睾丸(原发性性腺功能减退症)或下丘脑-垂体功能障碍(中枢性性腺功能减退症)导致的睾酮生成不足,但也可能存在混合形式。此外,人们已经知道,剧烈运动训练可能是功能性性腺功能减退症的一个原因。目前有许多治疗选择,取决于性腺功能减退症的发生时间和生育问题。本综述的目的是全面提供男性性腺功能减退症的治疗选择和方案,包括原发性和中枢性形式的药物治疗管理。将提供关于睾酮制剂、人绒毛膜促性腺激素、选择性雌激素受体调节剂和芳香化酶抑制剂的证据。