Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Center for Language and Cognition Groningen, University of Groningen, Oude Kijk in 't Jatstraat 26, 9712 EK, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Neurosurg Rev. 2021 Aug;44(4):1903-1920. doi: 10.1007/s10143-020-01397-x. Epub 2020 Oct 3.
The objective of this systematic review is to create an overview of the literature on the comparison of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) as a mapping tool to the current gold standard, which is (intraoperative) direct cortical stimulation (DCS) mapping. A search in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and recommendations were used. Thirty-five publications were included in the review, describing a total of 552 patients. All studies concerned either mapping of motor or language function. No comparative data for nTMS and DCS for other neurological functions were found. For motor mapping, the distances between the cortical representation of the different muscle groups identified by nTMS and DCS varied between 2 and 16 mm. Regarding mapping of language function, solely an object naming task was performed in the comparative studies on nTMS and DCS. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 10 to 100% and 13.3-98%, respectively, when nTMS language mapping was compared with DCS mapping. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) ranged from 17 to 75% and 57-100% respectively. The available evidence for nTMS as a mapping modality for motor and language function is discussed.
本系统评价的目的是对导航经颅磁刺激（nTMS）作为一种与当前金标准（即术中直接皮质刺激（DCS）映射）相比较的映射工具的文献进行综述。在 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了检索。使用了系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南和建议。共纳入 35 篇文献，描述了总计 552 例患者。所有研究均涉及运动或语言功能的映射。未发现 nTMS 和 DCS 用于其他神经功能的比较数据。对于运动映射，nTMS 和 DCS 确定的不同肌肉群的皮质代表之间的距离在 2 到 16 毫米之间。关于语言功能的映射，在 nTMS 和 DCS 的比较研究中仅进行了物体命名任务。当 nTMS 语言映射与 DCS 映射进行比较时，灵敏度和特异性分别为 10%至 100%和 13.3%至 98%。阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）分别为 17%至 75%和 57%至 100%。讨论了 nTMS 作为运动和语言功能的映射方式的现有证据。
