Kaddoura Rasha, Orabi Bassant, Salam Amar M
Pharmacy Department, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Cardiology, Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Heart Views. 2020 Apr-Jun;21(2):97-103. doi: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_20_20. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies are novel lipid-lowering therapy that have been extensively studied in patients with hypercholesterolemia either as monotherapy or as an add-on to other LLTs. PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have significantly reduced the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma level resulting in a better LDL-C goal attainment. The commercially available PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies, alirocumab and evolocumab, have demonstrated reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina, and the need for coronary revascularization but not mortality. PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated a favorable safety profile. The most reported side effects are mild injection site with no causal relationship proven between the inhibition of PCSK9 and neurocognitive or glycemic adverse events. In this overview, the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of primary and familial hypercholesterolemia will be discussed.
前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9（PCSK9）单克隆抗体是一种新型降脂疗法，已在高胆固醇血症患者中作为单一疗法或与其他降脂疗法联合使用进行了广泛研究。PCSK9单克隆抗体显著降低了血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平，从而更好地实现了LDL-C目标。市售的PCSK9单克隆抗体阿利西尤单抗和依洛尤单抗已证明可减少主要不良心血管事件，如心肌梗死、中风、不稳定型心绞痛以及冠状动脉血运重建的需求，但未降低死亡率。PCSK9单克隆抗体已证明具有良好的安全性。报告最多的副作用是轻度注射部位反应，在PCSK9抑制与神经认知或血糖不良事件之间未证明存在因果关系。在本综述中，将讨论PCSK9单克隆抗体在治疗原发性和家族性高胆固醇血症中的疗效和安全性。
