Chang Betty P I, Claassen Maria Almudena, Klein Olivier
European Food Information Council, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Foods. 2020 Oct 1;9(10):1391. doi: 10.3390/foods9101391.
Research suggests that being oriented more towards the future (than the present) is correlated with healthier eating. However, this research tends to be correlational, and thus it is unclear whether inducing people to think about their future could increase healthy eating. Therefore, we investigated whether inducing people to think about their lives in the future versus the present would influence their intake of healthy (muesli) and unhealthy (Maltesers) food. Across two experiments, the effect of thinking about the future versus the present interacted with participants' body mass index (BMI) to influence their consumption of unhealthy food, but no reliable effects were found for the consumption of healthy food. Among individuals with a higher BMI, thinking about their lives in the future resulted in lower consumption of the unhealthy food compared to thinking about their lives in the present. However, this effect was reversed for those with a lower BMI. In Experiment 2, we found no evidence that this effect was due to reduced impulsivity (as measured by a delay discounting task and a stop-signal task). This suggests that thinking about the future can reduce unhealthy eating among heavier people.
研究表明，更多地面向未来（而非当下）与更健康的饮食相关。然而，这项研究往往只是相关性的，因此尚不清楚促使人们思考自己的未来是否会增加健康饮食。所以，我们调查了促使人们思考自己未来的生活与当下的生活是否会影响他们对健康食品（燕麦片）和不健康食品（麦提莎巧克力）的摄入量。在两项实验中，思考未来与思考当下的影响与参与者的体重指数（BMI）相互作用，从而影响他们对不健康食品的消费，但未发现对健康食品消费有可靠影响。在BMI较高的个体中，与思考当下的生活相比，思考未来的生活导致对不健康食品的消费更低。然而，对于BMI较低的人来说，这种影响则相反。在实验2中，我们没有发现证据表明这种影响是由于冲动性降低（通过延迟折扣任务和停止信号任务来衡量）。这表明思考未来可以减少体重较重者的不健康饮食。
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