Selective intraarterial DSA of the parathyroid glands in patients with hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy.

Eighteen patients with recurrent hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy were prospectively examined with selective intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the brachiocephalic arteries. The results were compared with findings at reoperation. Seventeen of the 21 remaining abnormal parathyroid glands were correctly detected by selective DSA (sensitivity = 81%). In the neck and mediastinum, sensitivities were 73% (8/11) and 90% (9/10), respectively. All patients with histopathologic confirmation of primary hyperparathyroidism (17/18) became normocalcemic postoperatively. We conclude that selective intraarterial DSA is indicated in patients with recurrent hypercalcemia after parathyroidectomy when the results of noninvasive imaging techniques are uncertain.