Fachin Diego Aguilar, Santos Charles Morphy D, DE Souza Amorim Dalton
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, MPEG, Coordenação de Zoologia, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brazil. Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, FFCLRP, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Evolução e Morfologia de Diptera, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Monte Alegre, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil..
Zootaxa. 2020 Jun 29;4803(3):zootaxa.4803.3.4. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4803.3.4.
A third species of the southern temperate tabanomorph genus Austroleptis Hardy, 1920 (Diptera: Austroleptidae)-A. camposgerais sp. nov.-from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is described and illustrated. A key for the species of the genus in Brazil is provided. Shared derived features indicate a sister group relationship between the new species and A. longirostris Fachin et al., 2018. Whatever the relationships among the species of this clade, however, there is a process of endemism within endemism in the Atlantic Forest: species at higher altitudes undergo vicariance process that do not affect lowland species distributed around the mountain chains. The low number of specimens known from highland species and the very restricted geographic distribution of each species strongly indicate the urgency to protect the natural environments at higher altitudes in Brazil.
描述并图示了南部温带斑虻属Austroleptis Hardy，1920（双翅目：澳虻科）的第三个物种——来自巴西大西洋森林的新物种A. camposgerais。提供了巴西该属物种的检索表。共有衍生特征表明新物种与2018年发现的A. longirostris Fachin等人之间存在姐妹群关系。然而，无论该分支物种之间的关系如何，大西洋森林中都存在一种特有现象中的特有现象：海拔较高地区的物种经历了不影响分布在山脉周围低地物种的隔离过程。高地物种已知标本数量少且每个物种的地理分布非常有限，这强烈表明保护巴西高海拔地区自然环境的紧迫性。
