Raheja Amol, Couldwell William T
Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2020 Aug;81(4):348-356. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1715471. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
Cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) with orbital involvement presents a unique challenge to modern-day neurosurgeons. In the modern era of preventive medicine with enhanced screening tools, physicians encounter CSM more frequently. An indolent natural history, late clinical presentation, close proximity to vital neurovascular structures, poor tumor-to-normal tissue interface, and high risk of iatrogenic morbidity and mortality with aggressive resection add to the complexity of decision-making and optimal management of these lesions. The clinical dilemma of deciding whether to observe or intervene first for asymptomatic lesions remains an enigma in current practice. The concepts of management for CSM with orbital involvement have gradually evolved from radical resection to a more conservative surgical approach with maximal safe resection, with the specific goals of preserving function and reducing proptosis. This change in surgical attitude has enabled better long-term functional outcomes with conservative approaches as compared with functionally disabled outcomes resulting from the pursuit of anatomical cure from disease with radical resection. The advent of stereotactic radiosurgery as an adjunct tool to treat residual CSM has greatly shaped our resection principles and planning. Interdisciplinary collaboration for multimodality management is key to successful management of these difficult to treat lesions and tailor management as per individual's requirement.
累及眼眶的海绵窦脑膜瘤(CSM)给当代神经外科医生带来了独特的挑战。在拥有先进筛查工具的现代预防医学时代,医生更频繁地遇到CSM。其病程进展缓慢、临床表现较晚、紧邻重要神经血管结构、肿瘤与正常组织边界不清,以及积极切除带来的医源性发病和死亡风险较高,这些都增加了决策和对这些病变进行最佳管理的复杂性。对于无症状病变,决定是先观察还是先干预的临床困境在当前实践中仍然是个谜。累及眼眶的CSM的管理理念已逐渐从根治性切除演变为采用最大安全切除的更保守手术方法,具体目标是保留功能和减轻眼球突出。与追求根治性切除疾病导致功能残疾的结果相比,这种手术态度的转变使得保守方法能带来更好的长期功能结果。立体定向放射外科作为治疗残余CSM的辅助工具的出现,极大地塑造了我们的切除原则和规划。多学科协作进行多模式管理是成功治疗这些难治性病变并根据个体需求定制管理方案的关键。