School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2020 Nov 27;134(22):2943-2957. doi: 10.1042/CS20200886.
Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is a common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for which a major cause is cigarette smoking (CS). The underlying mechanisms and precise effects of CS on gut contractility, however, are not fully characterised. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether CS impacts GI function and structure in a mouse model of CS-induced COPD. We also aimed to investigate GI function in the presence of ebselen, an antioxidant that has shown beneficial effects on lung inflammation resulting from CS exposure. Mice were exposed to CS for 2 or 6 months. GI structure was analysed by histology and immunofluorescence. After 2 months of CS exposure, ex vivo gut motility was analysed using video-imaging techniques to examine changes in colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs). CS decreased colon length in mice. Mice exposed to CS for 2 months had a higher frequency of CMMCs and a reduced resting colonic diameter but no change in enteric neuron numbers. Ten days cessation after 2 months CS reversed CMMC frequency changes but not the reduced colonic diameter phenotype. Ebselen treatment reversed the CS-induced reduction in colonic diameter. After 6 months CS, the number of myenteric nitric-oxide producing neurons was significantly reduced. This is the first evidence of colonic dysmotility in a mouse model of CS-induced COPD. Dysmotility after 2 months CS is not due to altered neuron numbers; however, prolonged CS-exposure significantly reduced enteric neuron numbers in mice. Further research is needed to assess potential therapeutic applications of ebselen in GI dysfunction in COPD.
胃肠道(GI)功能障碍是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的常见合并症,其主要原因是吸烟(CS)。然而,CS 对肠道收缩力的潜在机制和确切影响尚未完全阐明。因此,本研究旨在探讨 CS 是否会影响 CS 诱导的 COPD 小鼠模型中的 GI 功能和结构。我们还旨在研究在抗氧化剂 ebselen 存在的情况下,GI 功能是否会受到影响,因为 ebselen 已显示出对 CS 暴露引起的肺部炎症有有益的影响。将小鼠暴露于 CS 2 或 6 个月。通过组织学和免疫荧光分析 GI 结构。在 CS 暴露 2 个月后,使用视频成像技术分析离体肠道蠕动,以检查结肠迁移性运动复合物(CMMC)的变化。CS 降低了小鼠的结肠长度。暴露于 CS 2 个月的小鼠 CMMC 频率更高,静息结肠直径降低,但肠神经元数量没有变化。在 CS 2 个月后停止 10 天,CMMC 频率的变化得到逆转,但结肠直径的表型没有变化。Ebselen 治疗逆转了 CS 引起的结肠直径减小。6 个月 CS 后,肌间神经元产生的一氧化氮数量显著减少。这是 CS 诱导的 COPD 小鼠模型中结肠运动障碍的第一个证据。2 个月 CS 后的运动障碍不是由于神经元数量改变引起的;然而,长期 CS 暴露会显著减少小鼠中的肠神经元数量。需要进一步研究来评估 ebselen 在 COPD 中胃肠功能障碍中的潜在治疗应用。