Increased Risk of Short-Term Complications and Venous Thromboembolism in Latarjet-Bristow Procedures Compared With Bankart Repairs.

PURPOSE

To (1) determine the rate of surgical complications and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing arthroscopic Bankart repair, open Bankart repair, or Latarjet-Bristow; and (2) assess potential risk factors for surgical complications and VTE in patients undergoing shoulder stabilization procedures.

METHODS

The NSQIP database was used to identify patients undergoing isolated surgery for shoulder instability from 2005 to 2017. Demographic data were collected and compared. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for developing a postoperative complication, and regression analyses were used to evaluate the odds of postoperative complications between types of surgery.

RESULTS

We identified 7,233 patients for inclusion. Patients undergoing Latarjet-Bristow were more likely to be male and Black and to report current tobacco use. Overall, there was a low rate of surgical complications (0.4%) and VTE (0.2%). However, patients undergoing Latarjet-Bristow had nearly a 10-fold increase in the risk of surgical complications compared with an arthroscopic or open Bankart repair (1.9% versus 0.2%, P < .001), including deep surgical site infections, return to operating room within 30 days, and symptomatic VTE (deep venous thrombosis rate: arthroscopic Bankart repair, 0.1%; Latarjet-Bristow, 0.8%; P < .001). There were no differences in the odds of developing a surgical complication or VTE between patients undergoing arthroscopic or open Bankart repair.

CONCLUSION

This study used a nationally representative, widely validated, peer-reviewed database to demonstrate that patients undergoing a Latarjet-Bristow procedure are at significantly higher risk for short-term postoperative complications, including deep surgical site infections, return to the operating room, and symptomatic VTE, than those undergoing Bankart repair. These findings should not discourage surgeons from proceeding with a coracoid transfer procedure when indicated for glenoid deficiencies, but should inform preoperative counseling and help guide perioperative care to optimize patient outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

III, retrospective comparative trial.