Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
Cephalalgia. 2021 Mar;41(3):404-416. doi: 10.1177/0333102420966984. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Despite increasing evidence differentiating episodic and chronic migraine, little work has determined how currently utilized animal models of migraine best represent each distinct disease state.
In this review, we seek to characterize accepted preclinical models of migraine-like headache by their ability to recapitulate the clinical allodynic features of either episodic or chronic migraine.
From a search of the Pu bMed database for "animal models of migraine", "headache models" and "preclinical migraine", we identified approximately 80 recent (within the past 20 years) publications that utilized one of 10 different models for migraine research. Models reviewed fit into one of the following categories: Dural KCl application, direct electrical stimulation, nitroglycerin administration, inflammatory soup injection, CGRP injection, medication overuse, monogenic animals, post-traumatic headache, specific channel activation, and hormone manipulation. Recapitulation of clinical features including cephalic and extracephalic hypersensitivity were evaluated for each and compared.
Episodic migraineurs comprise over half of the migraine population, yet the vast majority of current animal models of migraine appear to best represent chronic migraine states. While some of these models can be modified to reflect episodic migraine, there remains a need for non-invasive, validated models of episodic migraine to enhance the clinical translation of migraine research.
尽管越来越多的证据表明偏头痛可分为发作性和慢性，但很少有研究确定目前用于偏头痛的动物模型如何最好地代表每种不同的疾病状态。
在这篇综述中，我们试图通过其重现发作性或慢性偏头痛的临床痛觉过敏特征的能力来描述被接受的偏头痛样头痛的临床前模型。
从 Pub Med 数据库中搜索“偏头痛动物模型”、“头痛模型”和“临床前偏头痛”，我们确定了大约 80 篇最近（在过去 20 年内）的出版物，这些出版物使用了 10 种不同的偏头痛研究模型之一。所审查的模型分为以下几类：硬脑膜 KCl 应用、直接电刺激、硝酸甘油给药、炎症汤注射、CGRP 注射、药物滥用、单基因动物、创伤后头痛、特定通道激活和激素操作。评估了每种模型重现包括头部和头部外敏化在内的临床特征，并进行了比较。
发作性偏头痛患者占偏头痛患者的一半以上，但目前大多数偏头痛的动物模型似乎更能代表慢性偏头痛状态。虽然其中一些模型可以修改以反映发作性偏头痛，但仍需要非侵入性、经过验证的发作性偏头痛模型来增强偏头痛研究的临床转化。
