儿童和育龄妇女中的疟疾：加蓬尼扬加省的感染率、疟疾预防工具的知识和使用情况。
Malaria in children and women of childbearing age: infection prevalence, knowledge and use of malaria prevention tools in the province of Nyanga, Gabon.
机构信息
Unité Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville, BP: 769, Gabon.
Departement d'Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, BP: 4009, Gabon.
出版信息
Malar J. 2020 Nov 2;19(1):387. doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03411-5.
BACKGROUND
There is little information on the social perception of malaria and the use of preventative measures in Gabon, especially in rural areas. Adequate knowledge of malaria prevention and control can help in reducing the burden of malaria among vulnerable groups, particularly pregnant women and children under 5 years old living in malaria-endemic settings. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of malaria and the knowledge and attitude towards this disease in households in Nyanga Province.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess malaria knowledge, prevention practices and prevalence of the malaria infection in five departments of Nyanga Province. Plasmodial infection was diagnosed in children ≤ 5 years of age and women aged 15-49 years using rapid diagnostic tests. A questionnaire was administered randomly to women aged 15-49 years and to the parents or guardians of children aged ≤ 5 years in 535 households during a 2-week period in March 2018. Overall, the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of malaria, malaria prevention practices and malaria prevalence were evaluated and compared across the five departments.
RESULTS
Data from a total of 1,307 participants were included in this study, including 631 women of childbearing age (61 of them pregnant) and 676 children. Practically the entire (97.7%) interviewed population had heard about malaria and attributed the cause of malaria to a mosquito bite (95.7%). This survey revealed that the reported rate of reported bed-net use was 73.3%. The study observed an average malaria parasite prevalence of 13.9%. All departmental capitals of Nyanga Province had a significant level of malaria infection except for Mayumba where no plasmodial infection was found.
CONCLUSION
High malaria prevalence is found in the departmental capital cities of Nyanga Province. This study reveals that respondents have a high knowledge of the malaria symptoms, its mode of transmission and preventive measures. Despite this high level of knowledge of the disease and its preventive measures, the incidence of malaria remains relatively high in this rural community highlighting the need for other types of interventions.
背景
加蓬有关疟疾的社会认知和预防措施的信息有限，特别是在农村地区。充分了解疟疾的预防和控制措施有助于减轻疟疾在弱势群体中的负担，特别是在疟疾流行地区生活的孕妇和 5 岁以下儿童。本研究旨在评估恩雅加省家庭中疟疾的流行情况以及对该病的认识和态度。
方法
在 2018 年 3 月的两周期间，对恩雅加省的五个部门进行了横断面研究，以评估疟疾知识、预防措施以及疟疾感染的流行情况。采用快速诊断检测法对 5 岁以下儿童和 15-49 岁妇女进行疟原虫感染诊断。在总共 535 户家庭中，向 15-49 岁妇女和 5 岁以下儿童的父母或监护人随机发放问卷。评估并比较了五个部门的受访者的社会人口学特征、疟疾知识、疟疾预防措施和疟疾流行情况。
结果
本研究共纳入 1307 名参与者的数据，其中包括 631 名育龄妇女（其中 61 名孕妇）和 676 名儿童。几乎所有接受访谈的人（97.7%）都听说过疟疾，并将疟疾的病因归因于蚊子叮咬（95.7%）。该调查显示，报告的蚊帐使用率为 73.3%。研究观察到平均疟原虫流行率为 13.9%。除了没有发现疟原虫感染的马尤巴外，恩雅加省的所有省会城市都有显著的疟疾感染水平。
结论
恩雅加省省会城市的疟疾流行率很高。本研究表明，受访者对疟疾的症状、传播方式和预防措施有很高的认识。尽管对这种疾病及其预防措施有很高的认识，但在这个农村社区，疟疾的发病率仍然相对较高，这突出表明需要采取其他类型的干预措施。
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