Collado Gonzalo A, Vidal Marcela A, Torres-DÍaz Cristian, Cabrera Francisco J, Araya Juan F, Darrigran Gustavo
Universidad del Bío-Bío, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Avenida Andrés Bello, 720, Chillán, Chile.
Universidad del Bío-Bío, Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Avenida Andrés Bello, 720, Chillán, Chile.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2020 Nov 2;92(suppl 2):e20181101. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202020181101. eCollection 2020.
The sewage snail Physa acuta, native to North America, is an effective invasive species around the world. In Chile, it was first reported in 2014 in the north central area of the country. So far, the species has not been recorded in southern Chile. Sampling performed in 2015 in three localities from Llanquihue Lake, Chilean Patagonia, only provided native freshwater snails. However, new collections performed in February 2018 in the same three sites were successful for physid specimens suggesting a biological invasion entailing a large southward range expansion of these snails. Here we performed morphological, microstructural and phylogenetic analyses to investigate whether the new samples belong to Physa acuta. The shell morphology, male copulatory complex and radula microstructure of the new material agree with those of the sewage snail. The molecular phylogenetic analyses using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene confirmed morphological identification. We suggest to take prompt measures to prevent the expansion of Physa acuta in Llanquihue Lake or nearby aquatic ecosystems.
原产于北美的污水螺尖膀胱螺是一种在全球范围内极具影响力的入侵物种。在智利，它于2014年首次在该国中北部地区被发现。到目前为止，智利南部尚未记录到该物种。2015年在智利巴塔哥尼亚的兰基胡埃湖的三个地点进行的采样，只采集到了当地的淡水螺。然而，2018年2月在相同的三个地点进行的新采集成功获得了膀胱螺标本，这表明生物入侵导致这些螺的分布范围大幅向南扩展。在此，我们进行了形态学、微观结构和系统发育分析，以研究新样本是否属于尖膀胱螺。新材料的壳形态、雄性交配复合体和齿舌微观结构与污水螺一致。使用细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1（COI）基因进行的分子系统发育分析证实了形态学鉴定结果。我们建议立即采取措施，防止尖膀胱螺在兰基胡埃湖或附近水生生态系统中扩散。
