一种低成本的方法，用于制备具有增强的物理机械性能的生物相容性长丝，用于 FDM 3D 打印。

A Low-Cost Method to Prepare Biocompatible Filaments with Enhanced Physico-Mechanical Properties for FDM 3D Printing.

机构信息

Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom.

Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen, Italy.

出版信息

Curr Drug Deliv. 2021;18(6):700-711. doi: 10.2174/1567201817999201103195456.

DOI:10.2174/1567201817999201103195456

PMID:33155909

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printing has received much interest as a fabrication method in the medical and pharmaceutical industry due to its accessibility and cost-effectiveness. A low-cost method to produce biocompatible and biodegradable filaments can improve the usability of FDM 3D printing for biomedical applications.

OBJECTIVES

The feasibility of producing low-cost filaments suitable for FDM 3D printing via single screw and twin-screw hot melt extrusion was explored.

METHODS

A single-screw extruder and a twin-screw extruder were used to produce biocompatible filaments composed of varying concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) at 10%, 20%, 30% w/w and polylactic acid (PLA) 90%, 80% and 70% w/w, respectively. DSC, TGA and FTIR were employed to investigate the effect of PEG on the PLA filaments.

RESULTS

The presence of PEG lowered the processing temperature of the formulation compositions via melt-extrusion, making it suitable for pharmaceutical applications. The use of PEG can lower the melting point of the PLA polymer to 170°C, hence lowering the printing temperature. PEG can also improve the plasticity of the filaments, as the rupture strain of twin-screw extruded filaments increased up to 10-fold as compared to the commercial filaments. Advanced application of FTIR analysis confirmed the compatibility and miscibility of PEG with PLA.

CONCLUSION

Twin-screw extrusion is more effective in producing a polymeric mixture of filaments as the mixing is more homogenous. The PEG/PLA filament is suitable to be used in 3D printing of medical or pharmaceutical applications such as medical implants, drug delivery systems, or personalised tablets.

摘要

背景

由于其可及性和成本效益，熔融沉积成型（FDM）3D 打印作为一种制造方法在医疗和制药行业受到了广泛关注。开发低成本的方法来生产生物相容性和可生物降解的长丝可以提高 FDM 3D 打印在生物医学应用中的可用性。

目的

探索通过单螺杆和双螺杆热熔挤出生产适合 FDM 3D 打印的低成本长丝的可行性。

方法

使用单螺杆挤出机和双螺杆挤出机分别生产由不同浓度的聚乙二醇（PEG）组成的生物相容性长丝，浓度分别为 10%、20%和 30%w/w 和聚乳酸（PLA）90%、80%和 70%w/w。采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）、热重分析（TGA）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）研究 PEG 对 PLA 长丝的影响。

结果

PEG 的存在通过熔融挤出降低了配方成分的加工温度，使其适用于制药应用。PEG 的使用可以将 PLA 聚合物的熔点降低到 170°C，从而降低打印温度。PEG 还可以提高长丝的可塑性，因为与商业长丝相比，双螺杆挤出长丝的断裂应变增加了 10 倍。FTIR 分析的高级应用证实了 PEG 与 PLA 的相容性和混溶性。