College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 6;15(11):e0242002. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242002. eCollection 2020.
In order to further improve the utilization of solar energy in Chinese Solar Greenhouse (CSG), this paper systematically studied the effects of orientation and structure on solar radiation interception in CSG. A solar radiation model has been developed based on the previous research, which taking solar motion law, meteorological data, and optical properties of materials into consideration. The established model was used to optimize the orientation and structure of CSG. The analysis of structure considered two major structural parameters, which are the ridge height and the horizontal projection of the rear roof. Moreover, the widely used Liao-Shen type Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG-LS) has been taken as the prototype in the present research, and the measured data of the typical clear day was used for the model validation. The results showed that the ridge height has a remarkable influence on the solar energy captured by CSG-LS. Compared with the optimization of a single factor, the comprehensive optimization of orientation and structure can increase the solar radiation interception of the rear wall by 3.95%. Considering the limiting factor of heat storage-release capacity and the shading effect on the greenhouse structure, the optimal lighting construction of the CSG-LS (with a span of 9.0 m) was specified as 79° from south to west of azimuth angle, 4.54.7 m ridge height, and 1.4~1.6 m horizontal projection of the rear roof at 42°N latitude. The proposed solar radiation model can provide scientific guidance for the CSG-LS construction in different areas.
为了进一步提高中国太阳能温室（CSG）中太阳能的利用率，本文系统地研究了朝向和结构对 CSG 中太阳辐射截获的影响。基于先前的研究，建立了一个考虑太阳运动规律、气象数据和材料光学特性的太阳辐射模型。所建立的模型用于优化 CSG 的朝向和结构。结构分析考虑了两个主要的结构参数，即脊高和后屋顶的水平投影。此外，本研究以广泛使用的辽沈式中国太阳能温室（CSG-LS）为原型，采用典型晴天的实测数据对模型进行验证。结果表明，脊高对 CSG-LS 捕获的太阳能有显著影响。与单一因素的优化相比，朝向和结构的综合优化可以增加后墙的太阳辐射截获量 3.95%。考虑到储放热能力的限制因素以及温室结构的遮阳效应，指定 CSG-LS（跨度为 9.0 m）的最佳采光结构为 42°N 纬度的南偏西 79°方位角、4.54.7 m 脊高和 1.4~1.6 m 后屋顶水平投影。所提出的太阳辐射模型可为不同地区的 CSG-LS 建设提供科学指导。
