Ahmed Ahmed M, Khabour Omar F, Ahmed Samia M, Alebaid Ibrahim A, Ibrahim Amna M
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, AL-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Afr Health Sci. 2020 Jun;20(2):841-848. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v20i2.38.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life threatening acute complication of Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of pediatric DKA at diagnosis of new-onset T1DM in Khartoum during 2000-2017 period.
The study was retrospective and involved review of medical files of children (<15 years) with T1DM in the city hospitals and diabetes centers.
The overall frequency of DKA among T1DM children at onset of disease diagnosis was 17.6% (173/982). The episodes of DKA increased from 26% in first 6- year period (2000-2005) to 46.3% in the last 6-year period (2011-2012; p<0.001). No significant difference in the frequency of DKA was observed according to gender (p=0.9) and age (p=0.24). Compared to other age groups, the severity of DKA (pH<7.1) was higher in pre-school children (p<0.01). Approximately, 5% of patients were complicated with cerebral edema with a mortality rate of 1.7%.
The DKA frequency at diagnosis of childhood T1DM in Khartoum was lower than previous reports. In addition, the severity of DKA was high among pre-school age children with a relatively high mortality rate when compared to the global rate.
糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）是1型糖尿病（T1DM）一种可能危及生命的急性并发症。本研究旨在确定2000 - 2017年期间喀土穆新诊断T1DM患儿中DKA的发生率及临床特征。
本研究为回顾性研究，涉及对城市医院和糖尿病中心15岁以下T1DM患儿医疗档案的审查。
疾病诊断时T1DM患儿中DKA的总体发生率为17.6%（173/982）。DKA发作次数从前6年（2000 - 2005年）的26%增加到最后6年（2011 - 2012年）的46.3%（p<0.001）。根据性别（p = 0.9）和年龄（p = 0.24）观察到DKA发生率无显著差异。与其他年龄组相比，学龄前儿童DKA的严重程度（pH<7.1）更高（p<0.01）。约5%的患者并发脑水肿，死亡率为1.7%。
喀土穆儿童T1DM诊断时DKA的发生率低于既往报道。此外，学龄前儿童DKA严重程度较高，与全球水平相比死亡率相对较高。
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