The Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, Georgia.
Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Jun;126(6):661-665. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.11.008. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease in children and adults. Little is known regarding the association of childhood AD with cognitive dysfunction.
To evaluate the association of AD and cognitive dysfunction, including memory impairment, developmental delays and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder in US children (age <18 years).
Data was analyzed from the National Health Interview Survey 2008 to 2018, which used a multistage, clustered, cross-sectional design.
The prevalences of cognitive dysfunction, such as memory impairment (0.87% vs 0.42%), developmental delays (6.96% vs 3.87%), and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (10.78% vs 8.10%), were higher in children with vs without AD. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, race, region, socioeconomic factors, allergic conditions, and mental health, childhood AD was associated with higher odds of memory impairment (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.84 [1.34-2.51]), developmental delays (1.54 [1.40-1.70]), and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (1.31 [1.20-1.42]) compared with children without AD. Childhood atopic disease (defined as comorbid AD, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies) further increased the prevalence of developmental delays to 13.44% (2.10 [1.20-3.70]) in boys but not in girls.
In a nationally representative sample of the US population, a statistically significant and positive association between childhood AD and atopic disease with cognitive dysfunction was identified (P < .001). Furthermore, a dimorphic relationship with developmental delays was identified between sexes.
特应性皮炎（AD）是儿童和成人常见的炎症性皮肤病。关于儿童 AD 与认知功能障碍的关系知之甚少。
评估 AD 与认知功能障碍（包括记忆障碍、发育迟缓及注意力缺陷多动障碍）的关系，纳入美国（年龄＜18 岁）儿童。
使用多阶段、聚类、横断面设计，对 2008 年至 2018 年全国健康访谈调查的数据进行分析。
与无 AD 的儿童相比，患有 AD 的儿童认知功能障碍（如记忆障碍（0.87%比 0.42%）、发育迟缓（6.96%比 3.87%）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（10.78%比 8.10%）的患病率更高。在调整年龄、性别、种族、地区、社会经济因素、过敏情况和心理健康状况后，多变量逻辑回归模型显示，儿童 AD 与记忆障碍（调整比值比[95%置信区间]：1.84[1.34-2.51]）、发育迟缓（1.54[1.40-1.70]）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（1.31[1.20-1.42]）的患病风险更高。与无 AD 的儿童相比，儿童特应性疾病（定义为共患 AD、哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和食物过敏）使男孩发育迟缓的患病率进一步增加到 13.44%（2.10[1.20-3.70]），但在女孩中无此关联。
在具有全国代表性的美国人群样本中，儿童 AD 与特应性疾病与认知功能障碍之间存在显著且正向的关联（P＜0.001）。此外，还发现了性别之间发育迟缓的双态关系。
