Heuveline Patrick, Hong Savet
California Center for Population Research (CCPR), University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Int J Popul Stud. 2017;3(2). doi: 10.18063/ijps.v3i2.309. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
We analyze the effects of household structure on education in Cambodia. Consistent evidence documents that residence with both biological parents benefits children's education in Western countries. Elsewhere, the issue is gaining more attention with the growing number of "left-behind children" due to adult migration and, possibly, changes in family behavior, but the extant record is both thinner and more contrasted. Controlling for the presence of grandparents and some household characteristics, we find children residing with both biological parents are more likely to be enrolled in school, in the appropriate grade for their age, and literate than those living with only one parent. The effect sizes appear comparable to those in most Western countries, but the effects shrink or even disappear when grandparents are present. The results for children not residing with either parent are mixed, suggesting negative effects for some children might be blurred by positive selection for some others.
我们分析了柬埔寨家庭结构对教育的影响。确凿的证据表明，在西方国家，与亲生父母双方同住有利于孩子的教育。在其他地方，由于成年人迁移以及可能的家庭行为变化，“留守儿童”数量不断增加，这个问题也越来越受到关注，但现有记录既不完整，对比也更明显。在控制祖父母的存在和一些家庭特征后，我们发现与亲生父母双方同住的孩子比仅与一方父母同住的孩子更有可能入学、处于适合其年龄的年级且识字。效应大小似乎与大多数西方国家相当，但当有祖父母同住时，这些效应会缩小甚至消失。对于那些没有与任何一方父母同住的孩子，结果好坏参半，这表明对一些孩子的负面影响可能会被另一些孩子的正向选择所掩盖。
