Hellenic Mediterranean University, Department of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Landscape and Environment, Specialization of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Estavromenos, Heraklion, Crete, 71004, Greece; Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Iera Odos 75, Athens, 11855, Greece.
Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Iera Odos 75, Athens, 11855, Greece.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Feb 1;279:111607. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111607. Epub 2020 Nov 18.
Green roofs constitute a promising technology for reintroducing lost flora in degraded urban environments. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and ground coverage capacity of seeded Sedums grown on shallow extensive green roofs under semi-arid Mediterranean climatic conditions. Treatments included: a) two types of seed mixtures (M1 containing seeds from 16 different Sedum species and M2 containing seeds from 28 different Sedum species; b) two substrate depths (6 cm and 12 cm) and c) two different irrigation regimes (high and low) during the dry summer seasons of the three-year study period: i) 15% and 0% of the cumulative reference evapotranspiration (ET) in year 2012, ii) 60% and 30% of ET in year 2013 and iii) 30% and 0% of ET in year 2014. Growth performance was evaluated based on the total number of the Sedum plants and their ground coverage rate over the three-year study period. Out of the 16 and 28 Sedum species contained in mixtures M1 and M2, respectively, only four species (S. acre, S. album, S. reflexum, S. sexangulare) were able to survive for the duration of the study period. The seeded Sedum plants did not provide adequate growth or ground coverage. Their plant number decreased abruptly soon after the imposition of the first water stress in 2012 and remained at low numbers throughout the study period. The ground coverage rate was extremely slow. At the end of the three-year study period, Sedum plants of the M1 seed mixture growing in both deep and shallow substrate depths and under high irrigation regimes provided ground coverage of 51.9% and 48.7%, respectively, while the same treatments of the M2 seed mixture provided ground coverage of 25.5% and 19.2%, respectively. All the remaining treatments provided minimal final coverage ranging from 3.1% to 0.5%. Although the seed mixture type exhibited minimal impact on total plant number and ground coverage, S. album and S. sexangulare were not able to grow in the M2 mixture. Overall, the seeded Sedum species exhibited reduced capacity to sustain growth under the Mediterranean climatic conditions, especially during the summer periods and under the imposition of water stress.
绿色屋顶是在退化的城市环境中重新引入失去的植物的一种很有前途的技术。本研究旨在评估在半干旱地中海气候条件下，浅层扩展绿色屋顶上播种的景天生长和地面覆盖能力。处理包括：a）两种种子混合物（M1 含有 16 种不同景天物种的种子，M2 含有 28 种不同景天物种的种子）；b）两种基质深度（6 cm 和 12 cm）和 c）在三年研究期间的干旱夏季期间两种不同的灌溉制度（高和低）：i）2012 年累积参考蒸散量（ET）的 15%和 0%，ii）2013 年 ET 的 60%和 30%，iii）2014 年 ET 的 30%和 0%。生长性能基于三年研究期间景天植物的总数及其地面覆盖率进行评估。在 M1 和 M2 混合物中分别包含的 16 和 28 种景天物种中，只有 4 种（S. acre、S. album、S. reflexum、S. sexangulare）能够在整个研究期间存活下来。播种的景天植物生长不良，地面覆盖率低。2012 年首次施加水分胁迫后，植物数量急剧减少，整个研究期间一直保持较低水平。地面覆盖率非常缓慢。在三年研究期结束时，在高灌溉条件下，在深和浅基质深度下生长的 M1 种子混合物的景天植物的地面覆盖率分别为 51.9%和 48.7%，而 M2 种子混合物的相同处理分别为 25.5%和 19.2%。所有其他处理的最终覆盖率均最小，范围从 3.1%到 0.5%。尽管种子混合物类型对总植物数量和地面覆盖率的影响最小，但 S. album 和 S. sexangulare 无法在 M2 混合物中生长。总体而言，播种的景天物种在亚热带气候条件下，特别是在夏季和水分胁迫下，生长能力下降。
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