Karadeniz H, Cetinkaya F
Department of Nursing, Public Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2020 Nov;23(11):1607-1614. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_434_19.
Cancer maintains its importance as a major public health issue in the world and developing countries such as Turkey. Determining individuals' knowledge and attitudes about cancer is very important for cancer prevention. Research on knowledge and attitudes plays an important role in the development of targeted policies in the fight against cancer.
The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of adult individuals about cancer and its risk factors.
The study was conducted descriptively in the city center of Trabzon. The study population and sample consisted of 105.071 and 1200 adults aged 40 and over living in the city center, respectively. For the sample selection, multistage randomized sampling method was used. The data were collected using a questionnaire, which was developed by the researchers after reviewing the literature and receiving expert opinions. The findings were presented as descriptive statistics with numbers, percentages, and averages.
It was found that 45.7% of the participants smoked, 9.1% consumed alcohol, 40.8% consumed acidic foods, 33.0% had family history of cancer in first degree relatives, and 28.5% had cancer-related death in first degree relatives. The participants stated that cancer was the most fatal disease and listed the first three cancer-causing factors as cigarettes (95.7%), mobile phones (90.4%) and alcohol (90.2%). 62.4% of them did not know the symptoms of cancer, and 86.4% and 76.4% believed that 'sadness and stress cause cancer' and 'cancer is inherited', respectively.
The study revealed that adult individuals had a significant level of false and incomplete information about cancer, and their behaviors having risk factors for cancer could not be altered and transformed into appropriate ones. Therefore, it is thought that informative studies on cancer should be carried out continuously to carry out the fight against cancer successfully.
癌症在世界以及土耳其等发展中国家仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。确定个人对癌症的知识和态度对于癌症预防非常重要。关于知识和态度的研究在制定抗癌针对性政策方面发挥着重要作用。
本研究的目的是确定成年个体对癌症及其危险因素的知识和态度。
该研究在特拉布宗市中心进行描述性研究。研究人群和样本分别由居住在市中心的105,071名和1200名40岁及以上的成年人组成。样本选择采用多阶段随机抽样方法。数据通过问卷收集，该问卷由研究人员在查阅文献并征求专家意见后编制。研究结果以数字、百分比和平均数的描述性统计形式呈现。
发现45.7%的参与者吸烟，9.1%饮酒，40.8%食用酸性食物，33.0%的一级亲属有癌症家族史，28.5%的一级亲属有癌症相关死亡。参与者表示癌症是最致命的疾病，并将前三大致癌因素列为香烟（95.7%）、手机（90.4%）和酒精（90.2%）。其中62.4%不知道癌症症状，86.4%和76.4%分别认为“悲伤和压力会导致癌症”以及“癌症会遗传”。
该研究表明成年个体对癌症存在大量错误和不完整的信息，并且他们具有癌症危险因素的行为无法改变并转变为适当的行为。因此，认为应持续开展关于癌症的信息性研究，以成功开展抗癌斗争。
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