INSERM, University Claude Bernard, School of Medicine, Lyon, France.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2021 Jan;30(1):27-45. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
A main childhood task is learning. In this task, the role of sleep is increasingly demonstrated. Although most literature examining this role focuses on preadolescence and middle adolescence, some studies apply napping designs in preschoolers. Studies overall conclude that without proper sleep a child's cognitive abilities suffer, but questions on how and to what extent linger. Observational studies show the hazards of potential confounders such as an individual's resilience to poor sleep as well as developmental risk factors (eg, disorders, stressors). A better understanding of cognitive sleep neuroscience may have a big impact on pediatric sleep research and clinical applications.
儿童的主要任务之一是学习。在这个过程中，睡眠的作用逐渐得到体现。尽管大多数研究学习这一作用的文献都集中在青春期前期和中期，但也有一些研究在学龄前儿童中采用午睡设计。总的来说，这些研究得出的结论是，如果没有适当的睡眠，儿童的认知能力会受到影响，但关于如何以及在多大程度上受到影响的问题仍然存在。观察性研究表明了潜在混杂因素的危害，如个体对睡眠质量差的适应能力以及发育风险因素（例如，障碍、压力源）。对认知睡眠神经科学的更好理解可能会对儿科睡眠研究和临床应用产生重大影响。
