Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France.
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Jan;162:111846. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111846. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
A yearlong seasonal survey was carried out during 2016-2017 at 26 stations representing four tidal channels of the north-western part of the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). The area studied (characterized by a maximum tidal range of 2.3 m) was subjected to diverse anthropogenic pressures: from the phosphate industry and its metallic pollution, unauthorized bottom trawling in shallow water (known locally as 'Kiss'), and organic pollution from the nearby urbanized areas. A total of 23,506 invertebrates representing 311 taxa were collected. Dominant taxa were the polychaetes with 51.4% of the individuals collected and 39.3% of the taxa, the amphipods (18.6% and 15.5%), the tanaids (12.3% and 2.6%), and the molluscs (11.5% and 18.3%). The mean annual abundances varied widely from one channel to another: from 300 to 3700 ind·m. The stations located in deeper waters exhibited greater variability. Measurements of abundance revealed seasonal changes with maximum values in winter, spring, and lower numbers in summer. Each tidal channel was characterized by specific features in the fauna. The macrofauna were dominated by the polychaete Cirratulus cirratus (mainly in spring) and the amphipod Microdeutopus anomalus (mainly in winter), whilst both of the tanaids, Apseudopsis gabesi (the first sighting reported for the area) and A. mediterraneus, were found to be abundant in winter in at least one of the four channels. Species are mainly deposit feeders, herbivorous and omnivorous. The analyses on spatial and temporal changes of the macrofauna population revealed variations according to the composition of the fauna increasing or falling along the channels and as a function of seasonal changes. In spite of a high level of anthropogenic activities, the Ecological Status (ES) assessment (applying the AMBI and M-AMBI indices) attributed High or Good ES for 10 stations, Moderate ES for 11 stations and five stations showed a poor ES at least during one season. Sampling subtidal stations in the future to survey long-term degradation of such ecosystems of the coastal environment of the Gulf of Gabès in Tunisia is proposed.
2016-2017 年，在突尼斯加贝斯湾西北部的四个潮汐通道的 26 个站位进行了为期一年的季节性调查。该研究区域（最大潮差为 2.3 米）受到多种人为压力的影响：磷酸盐工业及其金属污染、未经授权的浅海底层拖网捕捞（当地称为“Kiss”）以及附近城市化地区的有机污染。共采集到 23506 只无脊椎动物，代表 311 个分类群。优势类群为多毛类，占采集个体的 51.4%和分类群的 39.3%，其次为十足目（18.6%和 15.5%）、糠虾目（12.3%和 2.6%）和软体动物（11.5%和 18.3%）。年平均丰度在不同通道之间差异很大：从 300 到 3700 个·m-3。位于较深水域的站位表现出更大的变异性。丰度测量显示出季节性变化，冬季、春季最高，夏季最低。每个潮汐通道的动物群都有其特定的特征。大型底栖动物以多毛类 Cirratulus cirratus（主要在春季）和十足目 Microdeutopus anomalus（主要在冬季）为主，而糠虾目两种 Apseudopsis gabesi（该地区首次报道）和 A. mediterraneus 在至少一个通道的冬季都大量存在。这些物种主要是沉积物食者、草食性和杂食性动物。对大型底栖动物种群的时空变化分析表明，随着通道的组合，以及季节性变化的影响，种群的组成发生了变化。尽管人为活动水平很高，但生态状况（ES）评估（应用 AMBI 和 M-AMBI 指数）将 10 个站位评为高或良好 ES，11 个站位评为中等 ES，至少有 5 个站位在至少一个季节表现出较差 ES。建议未来在次海底站位采样，以调查突尼斯加贝斯湾沿海环境中这种生态系统的长期退化情况。
