Department of Oncology, First Hospital, Jilin University, 130012, Jilin, PR China.
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 100850, Beijing, PR China; School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
Cancer Lett. 2021 Feb 28;499:148-163. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.034. Epub 2020 Nov 28.
Highly invasive and rapidly fatal, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been an insurmountable gulf since discovery. Innate immunity plays a vital role in anti-tumor response, among which macrophages contribute to an indispensable character. Here, we found that macrophage infiltration in SCLC reduced significantly in a stage-dependent manner, attributed to the decreased expression of CCL2, a potent chemoattractant for monocytes. Validated by ChIP-qPCR and MassArray methylation analysis, CCL2 expression was inhibited by EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 in the enhancer regions and DNMT1-mediated DNA methylation in the promoter regions, the process of which could be reversed by small-molecular compounds, EPZ011989 and Decitabine. Direct cell-cell contact between SCLC cells and macrophages skewed the phenotype of macrophages to be more M1-like. Furthermore, in an ectopic engraft model of SCLC, disruption of EZH2/DNMT1 function using the combination treatment of EPZ011989 and Decitabine potently abrogated the inhibition of macrophage infiltration and thus suppressed tumor growth, the effect of which was impaired by CCL2 neutralization or macrophage depletion. Overall, this work provides new insights into the role of macrophages in SCLC and establishes a rationale for constructing novel therapeutic avenues for SCLC patients.
小细胞肺癌(SCLC)侵袭性强、致死率高,自发现以来一直是难以逾越的鸿沟。固有免疫在抗肿瘤反应中起着至关重要的作用,其中巨噬细胞起着不可或缺的作用。在这里,我们发现 SCLC 中巨噬细胞浸润呈阶段依赖性显著减少,这归因于趋化因子 CCL2 的表达降低,CCL2 是单核细胞的有效趋化因子。通过 ChIP-qPCR 和 MassArray 甲基化分析验证,CCL2 的表达受到 EZH2 介导的增强子区域 H3K27me3 和 DNMT1 介导的启动子区域 DNA 甲基化的抑制,这一过程可以被小分子化合物 EPZ011989 和地西他滨逆转。SCLC 细胞与巨噬细胞之间的直接细胞-细胞接触使巨噬细胞表型向更类似于 M1 的方向倾斜。此外,在 SCLC 的异位移植模型中,使用 EPZ011989 和地西他滨联合治疗破坏 EZH2/DNMT1 功能,可有效抑制巨噬细胞浸润,从而抑制肿瘤生长,这种作用可被 CCL2 中和或巨噬细胞耗竭所削弱。总的来说,这项工作为巨噬细胞在 SCLC 中的作用提供了新的见解,并为 SCLC 患者构建新的治疗途径提供了依据。
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