Center for Industrial Ecology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Center for Industrial Ecology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Feb 1;754:142069. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142069. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
Agriculture has played an indispensable role in the economic and social development of China. However, the inappropriate application of fertilizers in agriculture has brought about environmental pollution. Therefore, under the requirements of green development, the inevitable choice has been reducing the application amount while increasing the utilization rate of fertilizers. To solve the problems resulting from fertilizers, this research designed and made Balanced Nutrient Fertilizer based on the nutrient balance method. To test Balanced Nutrient Fertilizer, continuous planting experiments on three crops (peas, corns, and peaches) were carried out in Pinggu District, Beijing. Furthermore, a substance flow analysis (SFA) was conducted to obtain a deeper understanding of the Balanced Nutrient Fertilizer. Through a series of tests, the application of Balanced Nutrient Fertilizer was shown to increase the crop yield by 3%. The product quality was also improved. In addition, the amount of nutrients applied was significantly reduced in the experimental group (specifically, 35%-88% for nitrogen, 69%-93% for phosphorus, and 8%-82% for potassium). The results of the SFA revealed that applying the Balanced Nutrient Fertilizer could meet the required amount of nutrients for the best crop growth, greatly decrease the negative influence of chemical fertilizers on the soil and reduce agricultural non-point source pollution.
农业在中国的经济和社会发展中发挥了不可或缺的作用。然而，农业中化肥的不当应用带来了环境污染。因此，在绿色发展的要求下，减少化肥施用量、提高化肥利用率已成为必然选择。为了解决化肥带来的问题，本研究基于养分平衡法设计并制作了平衡养分肥料。为了测试平衡养分肥料，在北京平谷区进行了三种作物（豌豆、玉米和桃树）的连续种植实验。此外，还进行了物质流分析（SFA），以更深入地了解平衡养分肥料。通过一系列测试，表明平衡养分肥料的应用可使作物产量增加 3%。产品质量也得到了提高。此外，实验组的养分施用量明显减少（具体而言，氮减少 35%-88%，磷减少 69%-93%，钾减少 8%-82%）。SFA 的结果表明，施用平衡养分肥料可以满足最佳作物生长所需的养分量，大大降低化肥对土壤的负面影响，减少农业面源污染。
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