报告阿片类药物危机（2000-2018）：加拿大英语报纸《环球邮报》在影响公众舆论方面的作用。
Reporting on the opioid crisis (2000-2018): role of The Globe and Mail, a Canadian English-language newspaper in influencing public opinion.
机构信息
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Avenue, Box 684, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.
Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
出版信息
Harm Reduct J. 2020 Nov 30;17(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12954-020-00443-7.
BACKGROUND
We aim to describe the general characteristics of how the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail reports on opioid-related news, the opioid crisis and its victims, and explore how Canadians' perceptions of the opioid crisis could have developed over time from this reporting. The Globe and Mail has the highest circulation among Canadian newspapers and is Canada's newspaper of record.
METHODS
Reviewers performed independent, blinded bibliometric searches of all The Globe and Mail articles archived in the Canadian Periodicals Index Quarterly spanning an 18-year period (1 January 2000-1 June 2018) related to the keywords "opioids" or "drugs and opioids" and "opiates". Independently and in duplicate, reviewers manually extracted qualitative data from articles and identified emergent themes. Articles were screened independently by both reviewers based on the inclusion criteria. Conflicts were resolved by discussion and consensus. Social representation theory was used as a framework for describing how the opioid crisis is portrayed in Canada.
RESULTS
Our search yielded 650 relevant opioid articles. The number of articles peaked in 2009, 2012, and in 2016, coinciding with major developments in the epidemic. The language used in this discourse has evolved over the years and has slowly shifted towards less stigmatizing language. Content analysis of the articles revealed common social representations attributing responsibility to pharmaceutical companies, physicians, and foreign countries.
CONCLUSIONS
The Globe and Mail's coverage of the opioid crisis is focused on basic social representations and attributed responsibility for the crisis to a few collectives. A shift toward coverage of the root causes of the opioid epidemic could positively influence the general public's perception of the opioid crisis and promote deeper understanding of the issue. Journalists face several obstacles to achieve greater focus and framing of the opioid crisis; a closer working relationship between the media and the research community is needed.
背景
我们旨在描述加拿大报纸《环球邮报》（The Globe and Mail）报道阿片类药物相关新闻、阿片类药物危机及其受害者的总体特征，并探讨从这种报道中，加拿大人对阿片类药物危机的看法是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。《环球邮报》是加拿大发行量最大的报纸，也是加拿大的官方报纸。
方法
评论员对加拿大期刊索引季刊（Canadian Periodicals Index Quarterly）中存档的所有与关键词“阿片类药物”或“药物和阿片类药物”和“鸦片”相关的《环球邮报》文章进行了独立、盲目的文献计量学搜索，这些文章的发表时间跨度为 18 年（2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 6 月 1 日）。评论员独立并重复地从文章中手动提取定性数据，并确定出现的主题。文章根据纳入标准由两位评论员独立筛选。通过讨论和达成共识解决冲突。社会代表理论被用来描述阿片类药物危机在加拿大的表现。
结果
我们的搜索结果产生了 650 篇相关的阿片类药物文章。文章数量在 2009 年、2012 年和 2016 年达到峰值，与疫情的重大发展相吻合。多年来，这种话语中使用的语言已经演变，并逐渐向不那么污名化的语言转变。对文章的内容分析揭示了常见的社会代表，将责任归咎于制药公司、医生和外国。
结论
《环球邮报》对阿片类药物危机的报道集中在基本的社会代表上，并将危机的责任归咎于少数几个集体。将报道重点转向阿片类药物流行的根本原因，可能会对公众对阿片类药物危机的看法产生积极影响，并促进对该问题的更深入理解。记者在实现更集中和更具框架性的阿片类药物危机报道方面面临着一些障碍；媒体和研究界之间需要建立更密切的工作关系。
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