Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
J Physiol Anthropol. 2020 Nov 30;39(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s40101-020-00246-6.
The aim of this study was to collect standard reference values of the weight and the maximum pressure distribution in healthy adults aged 18-65 years and to investigate the influence of constitutional parameters on it.
A total of 416 healthy subjects (208 male / 208 female) aged between 18 and 65 years (Ø 38.3 ± 14.1 years) participated in this study, conducted 2015-2019 in Heidelberg. The age-specific evaluation is based on 4 age groups (G1, 18-30 years; G2, 31-40 years; G3, 41-50 years; G4, 51-65 years). A pressure measuring plate FDM-S (Zebris/Isny/Germany) was used to collect body weight distribution and maximum pressure distribution of the right and left foot and left and right forefoot/rearfoot, respectively.
Body weight distribution of the left (50.07%) and right (50.12%) foot was balanced. There was higher load on the rearfoot (left 54.14%; right 55.09%) than on the forefoot (left 45.49%; right 44.26%). The pressure in the rearfoot was higher than in the forefoot (rearfoot left 9.60 N/cm, rearfoot right 9.51 N/cm/forefoot left 8.23 N/cm, forefoot right 8.59 N/cm). With increasing age, the load in the left foot shifted from the rearfoot to the forefoot as well as the maximum pressure (p ≤ 0.02 and 0.03; poor effect size). With increasing BMI, the body weight shifted to the left and right rearfoot (p ≤ 0.001, poor effect size). As BMI increased, so did the maximum pressure in all areas (p ≤ 0.001 and 0.03, weak to moderate effect size). There were significant differences in weight and maximum pressure distribution in the forefoot and rearfoot in the different age groups, especially between younger (18-40 years) and older (41-65 years) subjects.
Healthy individuals aged from 18 to 65 years were found to have a balanced weight distribution in an aspect ratio, with a 20% greater load of the rearfoot. Age and BMI were found to be influencing factors of the weight and maximum pressure distribution, especially between younger and elder subjects. The collected standard reference values allow comparisons with other studies and can serve as a guideline in clinical practice and scientific studies.
本研究旨在收集 18-65 岁健康成年人的体重和最大压力分布的标准参考值，并探讨其与体质参数的关系。
本研究共纳入 416 名健康成年人（男性 208 名/女性 208 名），年龄在 18-65 岁之间（平均年龄 38.3±14.1 岁），于 2015-2019 年在海德堡进行。年龄特异性评估基于 4 个年龄组（G1：18-30 岁；G2：31-40 岁；G3：41-50 岁；G4：51-65 岁）。使用压力测量板 FDM-S（Zebris/Isny/Germany）分别收集左右足的体重分布和最大压力分布以及左前足/后足和右前足/后足的最大压力分布。
左右足的体重分布基本平衡（左侧 50.07%，右侧 50.12%）。后足的负重（左侧 54.14%，右侧 55.09%）明显高于前足（左侧 45.49%，右侧 44.26%）。后足的压力高于前足（左侧后足 9.60N/cm，右侧后足 9.51N/cm/左侧前足 8.23N/cm，右侧前足 8.59N/cm）。随着年龄的增长，左足的负重从前足转移到后足，最大压力也从前足转移到后足（p≤0.02 和 0.03，效应量较小）。随着 BMI 的增加，体重分布向左右后足转移（p≤0.001，效应量较小）。随着 BMI 的增加，所有区域的最大压力都增加（p≤0.001 和 0.03，弱到中等效应量）。不同年龄组在前足和后足的体重和最大压力分布存在显著差异，尤其是在年轻（18-40 岁）和年长（41-65 岁）受试者之间。
本研究发现，18-65 岁的健康成年人在身体比例方面体重分布基本平衡，后足的负重增加 20%。年龄和 BMI 是体重和最大压力分布的影响因素，尤其是在年轻和年长的受试者之间。本研究收集的标准参考值可与其他研究进行比较，并可作为临床实践和科学研究的指南。
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