School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Address: No.1, Sec. 1, Ren'ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10051, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Address: No.7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan.
Psychol Med. 2022 Sep;52(12):2290-2298. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720004195. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
Childbirth may pose many challenges to the psychological well-being of marriage-based immigrant mothers in interracial marriages, who must negotiate bi-dimensional acculturation - adaptation to the host culture and maintenance of her own heritage culture. We examined the temporal relationships between bi-dimensional acculturation and depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum among marriage-based immigrant mothers in Taiwan using the cross-lagged structural equation modeling.
This study recruited 310 immigrant mothers, who were examined in the second and third trimesters, and again at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum from March 2013 to December 2015. Depressive symptoms and bi-dimensional acculturation were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Marriage-Based Immigrant Women, respectively.
The study found that adaptation to the host culture followed a downward linear trajectory, while maintenance of the mother's own heritage culture followed an upward linear trajectory from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. All but one cross-lagged path between bi-dimensional acculturation and depressive symptoms was statistically insignificant, though almost all cross-sectional associations were significant. Adaptation to host culture was negatively associated with depressive symptoms at all time points. The association between maintenance of heritage culture and depressive symptoms reversed from positive to negative after 6 months postpartum.
Adaptation to the host culture and maintenance of the mother's heritage culture differed in their associations with maternal depressive symptoms. Health professionals should assist immigrant mothers in adapting to the host culture while supporting their heritage culture in the childbearing period.
分娩可能会给跨种族婚姻中基于婚姻的移民母亲的心理健康带来诸多挑战，她们必须进行双重文化适应——适应主流文化和保持自己的文化传统。我们采用交叉滞后结构方程模型，考察了从怀孕到产后 1 年期间，台湾基于婚姻的移民母亲的双重文化适应与抑郁症状之间的时间关系。
本研究于 2013 年 3 月至 2015 年 12 月期间招募了 310 名移民母亲，在妊娠第 2 和第 3 个三个月、产后 1 个月、3 个月、6 个月和 1 年时对她们进行检查。使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表和基于婚姻的移民妇女二维文化适应量表分别评估抑郁症状和双重文化适应。
研究发现，从怀孕到产后 1 年，适应主流文化呈下降线性轨迹，而母亲自己的文化传统的保持呈上升线性轨迹。除了一个维度的文化适应与抑郁症状之间的交叉滞后路径外，其余路径均无统计学意义，但几乎所有的横断面关联均有统计学意义。在所有时间点，适应主流文化与抑郁症状呈负相关。产后 6 个月后，保持母系文化与抑郁症状的关联由正转负。
适应主流文化和保持母亲的文化传统与产妇抑郁症状的相关性不同。卫生专业人员应在生育期帮助移民母亲适应主流文化，同时支持她们的母系文化。
