Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 3;15(12):e0243448. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243448. eCollection 2020.
Family plays a significant role in shaping children's eating behaviors. The aim of the study was to assess whether mothers' attachment style, their life satisfaction and their own body weight can be associated with family eating behaviors. The results from 52 dyads (mothers/children) covered by the Metabolic Disease Clinic were analyzed. A targeted sample selection was used, taking into account the weight (overweight/obesity) and age (≥11 years) criteria of the child. The results have shown that the mother's body weight is a significant determinant of her child's body weight. The anxiety-ambivalent attachment style in mothers is a significant predictor of behaviors aimed at regulating and controlling affective states by food. A decrease in the knowledge of nutrition is associated with an increase in the level of anxiety-ambivalent and avoidant style. The avoidant attachment style is significantly associated with the nutrition organisation and control. Dysfunctional eating behaviors predominate among mothers with a lower level of life satisfaction. The lower the level of life satisfaction, the greater the tendency to regulate affective states and family relationships through nutrition, and to manifest improper organisation of nutrition. Mothers with obesity, compared to mothers with overweight and with normal body weight show a higher level of regulating emotions through food, improper organisation of nutrition and lower control in this area. The research results indicateshow significant relationships between insecure attachment styles, life satisfaction, and the mother's weight with eating behaviors unfavorable to health. It is therefore necessary to include family factors in the process of creating effective intervention strategies.
家庭在塑造儿童饮食习惯方面起着重要作用。本研究旨在评估母亲的依恋类型、生活满意度和自身体重是否与家庭饮食行为有关。对代谢疾病门诊的 52 对母子（母亲/儿童）进行了分析。采用有针对性的样本选择方法，考虑到儿童的体重（超重/肥胖）和年龄（≥11 岁）标准。结果表明，母亲的体重是其子女体重的重要决定因素。母亲的焦虑矛盾型依恋风格是通过食物调节和控制情绪状态行为的重要预测因素。营养知识的减少与焦虑矛盾型和回避型依恋风格的增加有关。回避型依恋风格与营养组织和控制显著相关。生活满意度较低的母亲表现出更多的饮食失调行为。生活满意度越低，通过营养调节情绪和家庭关系以及表现出不适当的营养组织的倾向就越大。与超重和正常体重的母亲相比，肥胖母亲表现出更高的通过食物调节情绪、不适当的营养组织以及在这方面缺乏控制的倾向。研究结果表明，不安全的依恋类型、生活满意度和母亲体重与不利于健康的饮食行为之间存在显著关系。因此，有必要在制定有效的干预策略过程中纳入家庭因素。
