State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Apr;77(4):1839-1850. doi: 10.1002/ps.6209. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Generalist predators play a key role in the biocontrol of insect pests in agricultural systems. However, predators are subject to frequent mortality events due to periodic disturbance regimes such as crop planting and harvest, which inevitably affect the population development of predators. Conservation of predators in this critical period is important for double-cropping systems such as winter wheat and summer maize, the most widely used cropping system in North China.
Planting Cnidium monnieri flower strips at field borders could not only serve as a bridge habitat to conserve the dominant predator Propylaea japonica in wheat fields during harvest but also help the predator immigrate to adjacent maize fields. The predator abundance was 7-fold higher on flower strips than that on natural vegetation strips during the wheat postharvest period and before the maize plant emergence for about a month, and its abundance in maize fields planted with flower strips was nearly 2-fold higher than that in maize fields planted with natural vegetation strips. Moreover, 77.56% of predators that entered maize fields were proven to originate from flower strips.
Our findings provided evidence that manipulating flower strips as a bridge habitat in wheat-maize rotation fields could conserve P. japonica during crop phenophase changes, and we quantitatively testified that the proportion of this predator in maize fields derived from flower strips. In practice, such a strategy may also be applied in other double-cropping and triple-cropping systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
在农业系统中，一般捕食者在害虫的生物防治中起着关键作用。然而，由于作物种植和收获等周期性干扰，捕食者经常会死亡，这不可避免地会影响捕食者的种群发展。在冬小麦和夏玉米等复种系统中，保护捕食者在这一关键时期非常重要，冬小麦和夏玉米是华北地区应用最广泛的种植系统。
在田间边界种植蛇床子花带不仅可以作为桥梁栖息地，在收获期间保护小麦田中占优势的捕食者日本龟蜡蚧，还可以帮助捕食者迁移到相邻的玉米田。在小麦收获后和玉米植株出现前约一个月的时间里，花带上的捕食者数量比自然植被带上的捕食者数量多 7 倍，而种植花带的玉米田中捕食者的数量比种植自然植被带的玉米田中的捕食者数量多近 2 倍。此外，进入玉米田的捕食者有 77.56%被证明来自花带。
我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明在小麦-玉米轮作田中操纵花带作为桥梁栖息地，可以在作物物候期变化期间保护日本龟蜡蚧，并且我们定量证明了来自花带的这种捕食者在玉米田中所占的比例。在实践中，这种策略也可以应用于其他复种和三熟制系统。 © 2020 英国化学学会。
