Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1139, United States of America.
School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Jan 5;55(1):341-351. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05131. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Phthalate and alternative plasticizers are semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and among the most abundant indoor pollutants. Although ingestion of dust is one of the major exposure pathways to them, migration knowledge from source products to indoor dust is still limited. Systematic chamber measurements were conducted to investigate the direct transfer of these SVOCs between source products and dust in contact with the source. Substantial direct source-to-dust transfer of SVOCs was observed for all tests. The concentration of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in dust was 12 times higher than the pre-experimental level after only two days of source-dust contact. A mechanistic model was developed to predict the direct transfer process, and a reasonable agreement between model predictions and measurements was achieved. The octanol/air partition coefficient () of SVOCs, the emission parameter of the source product (), and the characteristics of the dust layer (i.e., porosity and thickness) control the transfer, affecting the SVOC concentration in dust, the kinetics of direct transfer, or both. Dust mass loading has a significant influence on the transfer, while relative humidity only has a limited effect. The findings suggest that minimizing the use of SVOC-containing products and house vacuuming are effective intervention strategies to reduce young children's exposure to SVOCs.
邻苯二甲酸酯和替代增塑剂是半挥发性有机化合物（SVOCs），也是最丰富的室内污染物之一。尽管摄入灰尘是接触它们的主要暴露途径之一，但从源产品到室内灰尘的迁移知识仍然有限。系统的室测量进行了研究这些 SVOCs 在与源接触的灰尘中从源产品到灰尘的直接转移。对于所有测试，都观察到 SVOCs 从源到灰尘的大量直接源到灰尘的转移。在与源接触仅两天后，灰尘中邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯的浓度比实验前水平高 12 倍。开发了一种机械模型来预测直接转移过程，并且在模型预测和测量之间实现了合理的一致性。SVOCs 的辛醇/空气分配系数（）、源产品的排放参数（）和灰尘层的特性（即，孔隙率和厚度）控制着转移，影响着灰尘中 SVOCs 的浓度、直接转移的动力学，或两者兼而有之。灰尘质量负载对转移有显著影响，而相对湿度的影响有限。研究结果表明，尽量减少使用含有 SVOC 的产品和房屋吸尘是减少幼儿接触 SVOCs 的有效干预策略。
