Pallarés-Aldeiturriaga David, Roldán-Varona Pablo, Rodríguez-Cobo Luis, López-Higuera José Miguel
Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
Hubert Curien Laboratory, University of Lyon, Jean Monnet University, UMR 5516 CNRS, F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Dec 6;20(23):6971. doi: 10.3390/s20236971.
The consolidation of laser micro/nano processing technologies has led to a continuous increase in the complexity of optical fiber sensors. This new avenue offers novel possibilities for advanced sensing in a wide set of application sectors and, especially in the industrial and medical fields. In this review, the most important transducing structures carried out by laser processing in optical fiber are shown. The work covers different types of fiber Bragg gratings with an emphasis in the direct-write technique and their most interesting inscription configurations. Along with gratings, cladding waveguide structures in optical fibers have reached notable importance in the development of new optical fiber transducers. That is why a detailed study is made of the different laser inscription configurations that can be adopted, as well as their current applications. Microcavities manufactured in optical fibers can be used as both optical transducer and hybrid structure to reach advanced soft-matter optical sensing approaches based on optofluidic concepts. These in-fiber cavities manufactured by femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching are promising tools for biophotonic devices. Finally, the enhanced Rayleigh backscattering fibers by femtosecond laser dots inscription are also discussed, as a consequence of the new sensing possibilities they enable.
激光微纳加工技术的整合导致光纤传感器的复杂性不断增加。这条新途径为众多应用领域中的先进传感提供了新的可能性，尤其是在工业和医疗领域。在本综述中，展示了通过激光加工在光纤中实现的最重要的传感结构。这项工作涵盖了不同类型的光纤布拉格光栅，重点是直写技术及其最有趣的写入配置。除了光栅之外，光纤中的包层波导结构在新型光纤传感器的开发中也变得非常重要。这就是为什么要详细研究可以采用的不同激光写入配置及其当前应用的原因。光纤中制造的微腔既可以用作光学传感器，也可以用作混合结构，以实现基于光流体概念的先进软物质光学传感方法。这些通过飞秒激光照射然后进行化学蚀刻制造的光纤内微腔是生物光子器件的有前途的工具。最后，还讨论了通过飞秒激光点写入增强的瑞利背向散射光纤，因为它们带来了新的传感可能性。
