Gao Fangluan, Kawakubo Shusuke, Ho Simon Y W, Ohshima Kazusato
Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Laboratory of Plant Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1-banchi, Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
Virus Evol. 2020 Nov 21;6(2):veaa056. doi: 10.1093/ve/veaa056. eCollection 2020 Jul.
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a destructive plant pathogen that causes considerable losses to global potato and tobacco production. Although the molecular structure of PVY is well characterized, the evolutionary and global transmission dynamics of this virus remain poorly understood. We investigated the phylodynamics of the virus by analysing 253 nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding the third protein (P3), cylindrical inclusion protein (CI), and the nuclear inclusion protein (NIb). Our Bayesian phylogenetic analyses showed that the mean substitution rates of different regions of the genome ranged from 8.50 × 10 to 1.34 × 10 substitutions/site/year, whereas the time to the most recent common ancestor of PVY varied with the length of the genomic regions and with the number of viral isolates being analysed. Our phylogeographic analysis showed that the PVY population originated in South America and was introduced into Europe in the 19th century, from where it spread around the globe. The migration pathways of PVY correlate well with the trade routes of potato tubers, suggesting that the global spread of PVY is associated with human activities.
马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）是一种具有破坏性的植物病原体，给全球马铃薯和烟草生产造成了巨大损失。尽管PVY的分子结构已得到充分表征，但该病毒的进化和全球传播动态仍知之甚少。我们通过分析编码第三种蛋白（P3）、柱状内含体蛋白（CI）和核内含体蛋白（NIb）的基因的253个核苷酸序列，研究了该病毒的系统发育动力学。我们的贝叶斯系统发育分析表明，基因组不同区域的平均替换率在8.50×10至1.34×10替换/位点/年之间，而PVY最近共同祖先的时间随基因组区域的长度和所分析病毒分离株的数量而变化。我们的系统地理学分析表明，PVY种群起源于南美洲，并于19世纪传入欧洲，随后从欧洲传播到全球各地。PVY的迁移途径与马铃薯块茎的贸易路线密切相关，这表明PVY的全球传播与人类活动有关。
